Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. AIncrease the production of platelets
2. BIncrease the production of neutrophils
3. CLower the white cell count in leukaemia
4. DStop bleeding from wounds

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

1. ATo treat a urinary infection
2. BTo start labour contractions
3. CTo raise her blood pressure
4. DTo prevent eclamptic seizures

Which vitamin reverses the effect of warfarin?

1. AVitamin B12
2. BVitamin C
3. CVitamin K
4. DVitamin E

A patient has oral mucositis after chemotherapy. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AUse a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline or a bland mouthwash
2. BEat spicy and acidic foods to stimulate healing
3. CBrush hard with a firm toothbrush to remove debris
4. DUse an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day to kill germs

Why is hypovolaemia corrected with IV fluids before or while starting a vasopressor?

1. AFluids stop the vasopressor causing a fever
2. BVasopressors cause the patient to retain too much fluid
3. CVasopressors cannot keep perfusion up if the circulation is under-filled
4. DVasopressors only work when they are diluted in large fluid volumes

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a corticosteroid inhaler at the same time of day. Which order is usually taught?

1. AUse the steroid first, then the salbutamol right after without any gap
2. BUse the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid
3. CUse both in the same breath to save time
4. DThe order does not matter and no waiting is needed

Five days after starting clindamycin, a patient has frequent watery diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and a fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AA normal side effect; give loperamide and continue as usual
2. BAn allergy to clindamycin; give an antihistamine and continue the antibiotic
3. CFood poisoning; encourage a high-fibre diet and plenty of milk products
4. DC. difficile infection; send stool, use contact precautions, avoid antidiarrhoeals

Pada overdosis aspirin, urine dapat dibuat basa dengan natrium bikarbonat. Mengapa hal ini meningkatkan ekskresi salisilat?

1. ALebih banyak salisilat terionisasi di tubulus, sehingga lebih sedikit yang direabsorpsi
2. BBikarbonat mempercepat metabolisme salisilat di hati menjadi bentuk tidak aktif
3. CUrine basa meningkatkan filtrasi glomerulus
4. DBikarbonat mengikat salisilat dan membuatnya tidak aktif