Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Benzodiazepin seperti diazepam bekerja dengan meningkatkan efek neurotransmiter apa?

1. AGABA
2. BNoradrenalin
3. CGlutamat
4. DSerotonin

Adenosine is used mainly to:

1. ARaise blood pressure in shock
2. BTerminate supraventricular tachycardia
3. CTreat ventricular fibrillation
4. DPrevent blood clots in atrial fibrillation

Which drug reverses the sedation of a benzodiazepine overdose?

1. AAtropine
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CFlumazenil
4. DNaloxone

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
2. BGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
3. CGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
4. DGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol

Which patient should usually not receive a live vaccine?

1. AA patient receiving chemotherapy for leukaemia
2. BA patient with mild seasonal allergies
3. CA healthy 1-year-old child
4. DA healthy adult nurse who works on a children's ward

A patient with suspected sepsis has blood cultures ordered and a first antibiotic dose due. What should the nurse do?

1. ATake the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic at once
2. BGive the antibiotic first, then take blood cultures the next day
3. CWait for the culture results before giving any antibiotic
4. DGive the antibiotic only if the temperature is above 40 °C (104 °F)

Five days after starting clindamycin, a patient has frequent watery diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and a fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AAn allergy to clindamycin; give an antihistamine and continue the antibiotic
2. BFood poisoning; encourage a high-fibre diet and plenty of milk products
3. CC. difficile infection; send stool, use contact precautions, avoid antidiarrhoeals
4. DA normal side effect; give loperamide and continue as usual

During general anaesthesia with a volatile agent and suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a patient develops muscle rigidity, rising end-tidal CO₂ and a fast-rising temperature. Which drug is the specific treatment?

1. ANaloxone
2. BDantrolene
3. CNeostigmine
4. DParacetamol