Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Which of these is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic?

1. AOlanzapine
2. BChlorpromazine
3. CFluphenazine
4. DHaloperidol

Why are corticosteroids such as betamethasone given to a woman at risk of preterm birth?

1. ATo lower the mother's blood glucose
2. BTo stop contractions completely
3. CTo speed up fetal lung maturity
4. DTo prevent infection in the mother

Ciclosporin and tacrolimus are used mainly to:

1. ARelieve acute pain after surgery
2. BPrevent rejection of transplanted organs
3. CLower high blood cholesterol
4. DTreat bacterial infections after surgery

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

1. AHaemoglobin slightly below normal
2. BBlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
3. CHeart rate of 88 per minute
4. DTemperature of 37,2 °C (99 °F)

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

1. AOn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down
2. BWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
3. CLying down straight after the dose
4. DCrushed and dissolved under the tongue

How are most medication doses for children calculated?

1. ABy giving half of the adult dose to all children under 12
2. BBy body weight in kilograms, or sometimes body surface area
3. CBy the child's height alone
4. DBy the child's age in years only

A nurse calculates a child's dose and finds it is ten times higher than the usual range in the drug reference. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold it, recheck the calculation and clarify with the prescriber
2. BGive half the dose as a compromise
3. CGive the dose, because the prescriber is responsible for the order
4. DGive one tenth of the dose without telling anyone

A ventilated ICU patient receives vecuronium, a neuromuscular blocker. Why must sedation and pain relief also be given?

1. AVecuronium stops working unless a sedative is also given
2. BVecuronium causes severe pain at the injection site
3. CNeuromuscular blockers paralyse muscles but do not cause sedation or analgesia
4. DSedatives are needed to prevent vecuronium from causing seizures and agitation