Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Nicotine replacement therapy is used to:

1. AReduce withdrawal and cravings when stopping smoking
2. BBlock nicotine receptors completely
3. CRepair the lung damage caused by years of smoking
4. DMake cigarettes taste unpleasant

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of which hormone?

1. AOxytocin, the hormone of labour
2. BInsulin
3. CAldosterone
4. DAntidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

Mengapa insulin diberikan melalui suntikan, bukan dalam bentuk tablet?

1. ATablet akan melepaskannya terlalu lambat
2. BInsulin hanya bekerja jika langsung mencapai otot rangka
3. CInsulin terlalu toksik bagi lapisan lambung
4. DInsulin adalah protein yang akan tercerna di saluran cerna

A patient is starting lisinopril. Which rare but serious adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

1. AAn increase in appetite in the evening
2. BSwelling of the lips, tongue or face
3. CA harmless rash on the palms of the hands
4. DDarker skin after exposure to sunlight

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. APinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing
2. BNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
3. CItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
4. DHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea

A patient takes isoniazid. Which advice is most important?

1. AStop the drug when the cough improves
2. BTake it with antacids to protect the stomach from irritation
3. CExpect the urine to turn orange
4. DAvoid alcohol and report jaundice, dark urine or poor appetite

An older patient with coronary artery disease is starting levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Why is a low starting dose used?

1. AHigh starting doses cause permanent hypothyroidism
2. BLevothyroxine causes severe hypoglycaemia in older patients
3. COlder patients absorb levothyroxine much better, so small doses are all they need
4. DFast replacement raises cardiac oxygen demand and can cause angina

An older patient on amlodipine develops ankle swelling and is prescribed furosemide. She then becomes dizzy and falls. What does this sequence illustrate?

1. AA prescribing cascade
2. BDrug tolerance
3. CEnzyme induction
4. DA type B allergic reaction