Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BLoss of taste
3. CExcess saliva production
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AInto a vein in the arm
2. BInto the abdomen under the skin
3. CUnder the tongue
4. DInto the outer thigh muscle

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

1. AWith folic acid alone
2. BWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping
3. CWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
4. DWith blood transfusions every month

After a vaccination, why is a person asked to wait for a short time before leaving?

1. ATo measure the person's temperature for fever
2. BTo check that the vaccine has already created protective antibodies
3. CTo make sure the injection site does not bruise
4. DTo watch for anaphylaxis, which usually starts within minutes

A patient with difficulty swallowing is prescribed several tablets. Which one should not be crushed?

1. AA tablet that the pharmacist says may be crushed
2. BA plain paracetamol tablet
3. CA modified-release (extended-release) tablet
4. DA plain aspirin dispersible tablet

After instilling eye drops, why should the patient press gently on the inner corner of the eye for a minute or two?

1. ATo spread the drop evenly over the eyelid
2. BTo stop the eye from producing tears for about an hour
3. CTo reduce drainage into the nose and absorption into blood
4. DTo make the pupil dilate faster

Mengapa penghambat ACE dapat menyebabkan cedera ginjal akut pada pasien dengan stenosis arteri renalis bilateral?

1. ALFG bergantung pada angiotensin II yang menyempitkan arteriol eferen
2. BObat mengkristal di tubulus ginjal
3. CPenghambat ACE menyempitkan arteriol aferen
4. DPenghambat ACE bersifat toksik langsung bagi sel tubulus proksimal di ginjal

A man on long-term testosterone therapy has a rising haematocrit. Why is this important?

1. ATestosterone raises red cell production, increasing clot risk
2. BIt means the testosterone dose is too low
3. CIt is a sign of liver failure caused by testosterone
4. DA high haematocrit shows that the testosterone is not being absorbed