1.Priorità e delegaMedia
Quale istruzione a un assistente infermieristico è la più chiara?
- A"Fai i parametri vitali del signor Lee prima di pranzo e scrivili in cartella per me."
- B"Tieni d'occhio il signor Lee stamattina e fammi sapere come sta."
- C"Fammi sapere se qualcosa non va con il signor Lee mentre sei lì."
- D"Misura la pressione arteriosa del signor Lee alle 10:00 e dimmi subito se la sistolica è sotto 100."
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A patient in hypovolemic shock is receiving IV fluids. Which finding best shows that the treatment is working?
- AA heart rate that keeps rising after each bag of fluid
- BNew crackles at both lung bases
- CUrine output at least 0,5 mL/kg/h and clearer thinking
- DCooler, paler skin on the arms and legs
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
Why should a child’s weight be recorded only in kilograms?
- AMixing up pounds and kilograms can lead to large dosing errors
- BScales that show kilograms are always more accurate than those that show pounds
- CChildren weigh less, so smaller units are needed
- DKilograms are easier for parents to remember
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A chemical cloud has been released near the hospital, and authorities order “shelter in place”. What should staff do?
- AEvacuate all patients into the car park at once
- BKeep everyone inside, close windows and doors and shut off outside air intake
- CSend all visitors home through the main entrance
- DOpen the windows to let fresh air into the wards and dilute the chemical
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?
- APossible recurrence that needs further assessment
- BA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
- CA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
- DA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
La sera dopo un intervento, l'emoglobina di un paziente è scesa da 12,5 g/dL a 8,1 g/dL (da 125 a 81 g/L) e la frequenza cardiaca è 118/min. Qual è il problema più probabile?
- ANormale diluizione dopo l'intervento che non richiede interventi
- BDisidratazione
- CSanguinamento
- DUna condizione in miglioramento
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
A patient with pneumonia is breathless and coughing up thick sputum. Which nursing measure helps most with breathing?
- ARestricting all oral fluids
- BSitting the patient upright and supporting them to clear secretions
- CDiscouraging coughing to save energy
- DLying the patient flat so that they can rest and conserve energy
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient going home after chemotherapy is taught about infection. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will wash my hands well before eating and after using the toilet."
- B"If I get a temperature, I'll take paracetamol and wait until my next clinic."
- C"I will phone the helpline if I have a fever or shivering."
- D"I will check my temperature if I feel unwell or shivery at home."
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Il monitor mostra una fibrillazione ventricolare. Il paziente non risponde e non respira normalmente. Qual è il trattamento chiave?
- ARCP e defibrillazione il prima possibile
- BCardioversione sincronizzata in sedazione profonda
- CAtropina EV e stimolazione esterna
- DAdenosina EV rapida seguita da un lavaggio
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
An 84-year-old with heart failure becomes breathless with new crackles and a rising blood pressure during a blood transfusion. What should the nurse suspect?
- AA mild febrile reaction
- BTransfusion-associated circulatory overload
- CAn acute haemolytic reaction from wrong blood
- DNormal effects of the transfusion
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?
- AThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
- BBacteria that convert nitrate are present
- CThe kidneys are losing too much protein
- DThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?
- AThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely
- BThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed
- CA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
- DRaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Perché le ustioni superficiali (solo arrossamento, come una scottatura solare) non si contano nel calcolo dell'area ustionata per la rianimazione con liquidi?
- ACausano più perdita di liquidi di qualsiasi altra profondità
- BGuariscono sempre completamente entro un giorno
- CLa barriera cutanea è intatta, perciò si perde poco liquido
- DSono sempre troppo piccole per essere misurate con precisione su una tabella
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A patient with lung cancer becomes hypotensive and breathless, with distended neck veins and quiet heart sounds. What should the nurse suspect?
- AHypercalcaemia of malignancy from bone metastases
- BA side effect of anti-sickness drugs
- CSuperior vena cava obstruction from the tumour
- DCardiac tamponade from a pericardial effusion