1.Priorità e delegaMedia
Which finding is an early sign of compartment syndrome in a patient with a lower leg fracture?
- APain out of proportion to the injury that worsens when the toes are stretched
- BMild bruising around the fracture site on the second day
- CA strong pedal pulse with warm, pink toes and pain that settles with analgesia
- DItching under the cast during the first week after it was applied
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
Durante il triage START, un adulto non respira. Le vie aeree vengono riposizionate e la vittima continua a non respirare. Qual è la categoria corretta?
- ANero (deceduto o atteso)
- BGiallo, e tornare più tardi
- CRosso, e iniziare subito la RCP
- DRosso, perché l'assenza di respiro è il reperto più urgente
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
A patient is admitted to an inpatient mental health unit. Why are personal belongings checked?
- ATo remove items that could be used to harm self or others
- BTo decide which family members may visit
- CTo find out what the patient likes to wear during the hospital stay
- DTo make a list of valuable items for insurance
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A patient arrives in the operating room for knee surgery, and the site has not been marked. What should happen?
- AMark the site after the patient is anesthetized and draped
- BStart the surgery, because the consent form shows the side
- CLet the circulating nurse mark the site from memory of the surgeon’s plan
- DDo not start until the site is marked and verified with the patient
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?
- ATo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
- BTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
- CTo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
- DTo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?
- AOral iron
- BIV thiamine
- CIV insulin
- DIV potassium
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Why are patients asked to fast before a general anaesthetic?
- ATo reduce the risk of aspirating stomach contents
- BTo lower the blood glucose before surgery
- CTo make the surgery shorter
- DTo prevent postoperative constipation and abdominal bloating
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
In a patient with a head injury, which is usually the earliest sign of rising intracranial pressure?
- AA change in level of consciousness
- BIrregular breathing pauses
- CA slow pulse with high blood pressure
- DA fixed, dilated pupil on both sides
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?
- ATake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors
- BRub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
- CKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
- DSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
Un paziente ventilato in terapia intensiva è a rischio di polmonite associata al ventilatore. Quale misura infermieristica aiuta a ridurre questo rischio?
- ACambiare il circuito del ventilatore ogni poche ore
- BTenere la testata del letto sollevata a 30–45°
- CEvitare l'igiene del cavo orale per prevenire il sanguinamento gengivale
- DTenere il paziente disteso per proteggere il tubo endotracheale
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
After a kidney biopsy, which observation is most important?
- AThe colour of the patient's skin on the face
- BThe patient's appetite at the next meal
- CThe temperature every four hours only
- DSigns of bleeding, such as haematuria and a rising pulse
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
Un paziente con diabete di tipo 1 è a digiuno prima di un intervento domani. Quale piano è il più sicuro?
- ASomministrare la solita insulina ai pasti, anche se non si mangerà
- BSospendere tutta l'insulina finché il paziente non mangia e beve di nuovo normalmente
- CProseguire con un po' di insulina (basale o infusione EV a velocità variabile) con controlli glicemici
- DSomministrare insulina solo se i chetoni urinari diventano fortemente positivi durante la notte
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Which statement about fatigue during radiotherapy is correct?
- AIt means the radiotherapy has failed
- BIt is caused by the patient becoming radioactive
- CIt often builds during the course and can last for weeks
- DIt occurs only after the first session and then disappears completely
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A patient's ileostomy output is 2,5 L a day. They feel tired and dizzy and are drinking large amounts of water. Which advice is usually appropriate?
- AStop all drinking for 24 hours
- BDrink even more plain water and tea to replace the losses
- CLimit plain drinks and use an oral rehydration solution
- DEat only fruit and fruit juice