1.Priorità e delegaMedia
A patient with a head injury is being monitored. Which set of findings suggests rising intracranial pressure?
- ALow temperature, fast breathing and a strong appetite
- BRising systolic pressure, slow pulse and irregular breathing
- CNormal blood pressure, normal pulse and clear speech
- DFalling blood pressure, a fast pulse and warm, flushed dry skin
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A chemical cleaning fluid splashes into a patient’s eye. What should the nurse do first?
- ACover the eye with a dry patch and wait for the provider
- BGive antibiotic eye drops first
- CFlush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
- DRub the eye gently with a clean tissue to remove the chemical
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
What is the main aim of purposeful hourly rounding?
- ATo wake the patient every hour to check orientation
- BTo count the patient’s medications every hour and check that none are missing
- CTo check pain, toileting, position and personal items before the patient needs to ask
- DTo replace the need for a call light
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
Un infermiere ha somministrato un farmaco al paziente sbagliato. Il paziente sembra stare bene. Qual è la prima priorità?
- ACompilare prima di tutto il rapporto sull'incidente
- BAspettare la fine del turno per avvisare qualcuno
- CNon dire nulla al paziente, per non preoccuparlo
- DValutare il paziente e monitorare gli effetti del farmaco
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
Perché un paziente con insufficienza epatica può avere un INR elevato senza assumere warfarin?
- AL'albumina è un fattore della coagulazione e il suo livello cala
- BLa bilirubina distrugge direttamente i fattori della coagulazione
- CI reni smettono di eliminare i fattori della coagulazione dal sangue
- DIl fegato produce la maggior parte dei fattori della coagulazione, perciò la produzione cala
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
Dopo la chemioterapia per un linfoma a crescita rapida, quale quadro di risultati suggerisce la sindrome da lisi tumorale?
- APotassio basso, fosfato basso, acido urico basso e calcio elevato
- BSolo sodio alto e glicemia bassa
- CElettroliti normali con emoglobina alta
- DPotassio alto, fosfato alto, acido urico alto e calcio basso
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
A very anxious patient breathes rapidly for a long period. Which change is expected?
- ARespiratory alkalosis from a low PaCO2
- BMetabolic acidosis from a low bicarbonate
- CRespiratory acidosis from a high PaCO2
- DMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient with suspected appendicitis says the pain suddenly eased, but an hour later has pain all over the abdomen, a rigid abdomen and a fever. What is most likely?
- AThe appendicitis has resolved without treatment
- BThe analgesia has started working
- CThe appendix has perforated, causing peritonitis
- DThe patient has developed gastroenteritis
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?
- ADistributive shock
- BObstructive shock
- CHypovolaemic shock
- DCardiogenic shock
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
After a fall onto the chest, part of a patient's chest wall moves inward when they breathe in and outward when they breathe out. What does this indicate?
- ANormal chest movement caused by pain on breathing
- BA large pleural effusion pressing on the chest wall
- CA flail chest from ribs broken in more than one place
- DA single simple rib fracture with no lung injury
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Why might a patient bleed more from the needle sites straight after haemodialysis?
- ADialysis removes all the platelets from the blood
- BHeparin is often used to stop the circuit from clotting
- CThe fistula has been damaged and must be tied off
- DDialysis raises the blood pressure sharply for several hours
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient with trigeminal neuralgia has lost weight and has poor oral hygiene. Which plan is most appropriate?
- ATell the patient to stop brushing their teeth completely
- BOffer soft, lukewarm food and advise chewing on the unaffected side
- CEncourage hard, crunchy foods to strengthen the jaw muscles
- DAdvise very hot drinks to relax the facial nerves
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
A day after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient has a headache that is worse when sitting up and better when lying flat. What is the most likely cause?
- AA side effect of the antibiotic
- BPost-dural puncture headache
- CMigraine caused by hospital lighting
- DRaised blood pressure from pain
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A competent adult who is a Jehovah's Witness refuses blood transfusion before major surgery. What should the nurse do?
- APlan to transfuse secretly during the operation if it becomes needed
- BCancel the surgery without discussing it
- CRespect the decision, document it and inform the team
- DAsk the family to override the decision