1.Priorità e delegaMedia
A woman calls to say her husband suddenly has a drooping face and slurred speech. What should the nurse advise?
- ALet him lie down and see if it improves
- BCall emergency services now and note the time it started
- CDrive him to the hospital yourself after he has eaten dinner
- DBook an appointment with his doctor next week
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
An infant is choking and cannot cry or breathe. Which technique is correct?
- AA blind finger sweep of the mouth
- BAbdominal thrusts, as in adults
- CHolding the infant upside down by the feet
- DBack blows and chest thrusts
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
Hair must be removed from a planned surgical site. Which method reduces the risk of surgical site infection?
- AUsing wax strips on the morning of surgery
- BShaving with a disposable razor the night before surgery
- CShaving with a razor just before the incision
- DClipping with electric clippers just before surgery
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
Una sacca di farmaco chemioterapico perde sul pavimento. Qual è il primo passo?
- AAsciugarlo in fretta con salviette di carta a mani nude
- BLasciarlo asciugare e poi pulirlo a fine turno
- CIndossare i dispositivi di protezione del kit antisversamento e contenere lo sversamento
- DChiedere all'addetto alle pulizie di passarlo con il solito mocio
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
A patient taking empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has glucose in the urine but a normal blood glucose. What is the best interpretation?
- AA urinary tract infection
- BUncontrolled diabetes needing insulin
- CA sign of kidney failure
- DAn expected effect of the drug
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A patient in DKA is receiving IV fluids and insulin. The glucose has fallen to about 220 mg/dL (12,2 mmol/L), but the anion gap is still high. What change would the nurse expect?
- AStop the insulin infusion because the glucose is near normal
- BAdd dextrose to the IV fluids and continue the insulin
- CStop the IV fluids and start oral fluids only
- DGive an IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate at once
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Which of these is a non-drug measure that can help relieve pain?
- ARestricting visitors completely
- BTelling the patient that the pain is not real
- CKeeping the patient awake all night
- DRepositioning and distraction
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient with a COPD exacerbation remains acidotic with a high PaCO2 despite optimal medical treatment and controlled oxygen. Which treatment is usually considered next?
- A15 L/min oxygen via a non-rebreathe mask
- BNon-invasive ventilation
- CSedation to slow the breathing
- DStopping all oxygen therapy
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?
- ACardiogenic shock
- BDistributive shock
- CObstructive shock
- DHypovolaemic shock
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
A patient with heart failure wakes extremely breathless, coughing pink frothy sputum. BP is 168/96 mmHg and SpO₂ 86%. Help has been called. What is the best initial nursing action?
- AEncourage the patient to walk to ease the breathing
- BLie the patient flat with the legs raised on pillows
- CGive a large IV fluid bolus to support the circulation
- DSit the patient upright with the legs down and give oxygen
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Dopo un trauma cranico, un paziente ha un liquido limpido che gocciola dal naso. Qual è la principale preoccupazione?
- ANormale muco prodotto dopo aver pianto
- BUna reazione allergica al mezzo di contrasto della TC
- CUna fistola liquorale da frattura cranica
- DUn semplice raffreddore o un attacco di febbre da fieno
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?
- AIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
- BOral calcium tablets
- CIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
- DA fluid restriction
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Perché le ustioni superficiali (solo arrossamento, come una scottatura solare) non si contano nel calcolo dell'area ustionata per la rianimazione con liquidi?
- ASono sempre troppo piccole per essere misurate con precisione su una tabella
- BGuariscono sempre completamente entro un giorno
- CLa barriera cutanea è intatta, perciò si perde poco liquido
- DCausano più perdita di liquidi di qualsiasi altra profondità
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?
- ATo prevent hair loss during treatment
- BTo treat the patient's anaemia only
- CTo rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
- DTo increase the anticancer effect on the tumour