Priorità e delega in stile NCLEX: pacchetto last-minute

Quale paziente può vedere per ultimo l'infermiere senza rischi?

1. AUn paziente a due ore da un intervento con frequenza cardiaca in salita da 88 a 118/min
2. BUn paziente con BPCO con ossigeno 1 L/min, SpO₂ 90% (target 88–92%), che parla a frasi complete
3. CUn paziente con nuovi rantoli e espettorato rosa e schiumoso
4. DUn paziente con una cefalea improvvisa e intensa

A victim heavily contaminated with an industrial chemical arrives at the emergency department with stable vital signs. What should happen first?

1. ADecontamination before the victim enters the treatment area
2. BFull assessment inside the main department straight away
3. CPlacing the victim in the waiting room until a doctor is free
4. DTaking the victim straight to the X-ray department

Which kitchen practice helps prevent scald burns in young children?

1. AHold the child while drinking a hot drink
2. BLeave hot drinks at the edge of the table
3. CTurn pot handles toward the back of the stove
4. DLet the child stand on a chair beside the stove

A patient who speaks little English is being discharged with new medications. The patient’s 12-year-old child offers to interpret. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse a professional medical interpreter
2. BUse simple English and many hand gestures
3. CLet the child interpret, because the family prefers it
4. DGive written instructions in English only

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
2. BCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
3. CUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
4. DTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets

A patient with C. difficile diarrhea has a white cell count of 24 × 10³/µL and a creatinine that has risen to 2,1 mg/dL (186 µmol/L). What does this indicate?

1. AUnrelated chronic kidney disease
2. BMild infection needing no treatment
3. CSuccessful response to treatment
4. DSevere C. difficile infection

Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ATo stop bleeding from varices
2. BTo lower the blood glucose
3. CTo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
4. DTo increase the liver's production of albumin

A patient is admitted with suspected meningococcal disease. Which infection control measure is usually needed?

1. ANo precautions, because it is not contagious
2. BDroplet precautions until 24 hours of effective antibiotics have been given
3. CIsolation only after the patient has gone home
4. DAirborne precautions with a negative-pressure room for the whole hospital stay

A 34-year-old has hypertension that is hard to control and a low serum potassium without taking diuretics. Which cause should be considered?

1. APrimary hyperaldosteronism
2. BIron-deficiency anaemia
3. CHypothyroidism
4. DEssential hypertension of ageing

Un paziente con dolore toracico ha sopraslivellamento del tratto ST nelle derivazioni II, III e aVF. PA 86/54 mmHg, polmoni liberi e vene del collo distese. Quale farmaco prescritto deve mettere in discussione l'infermiere?

1. AUn antiemetico EV
2. BNitroglicerina sublinguale
3. CAspirina 300 mg masticata
4. DOssigeno se la SpO₂ scende sotto il target

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis is a sign that the stoma is dying
2. BThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel
3. CThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery
4. DThis proves a serious kidney infection

Dopo una tiroidectomia totale, un paziente diventa ansioso con stridore e un gonfiore teso al collo. Che cosa deve fare per prima cosa l'infermiere?

1. AChiedere al paziente di parlare il più possibile per testare la voce
2. BSomministrare analgesia e rivalutare il gonfiore dopo un'ora
3. CApplicare del ghiaccio sul collo e far sdraiare il paziente
4. DChiamare aiuto d'emergenza: un ematoma può comprimere le vie aeree

Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?

1. AThey cannot be given once nausea has started
2. BThey stop the chemotherapy from causing hair loss and mouth sores
3. CAntiemetics make the chemotherapy work better
4. DPreventing nausea works better than treating it later

Durante l'anestesia generale, un paziente sviluppa rigidità della mandibola, CO₂ di fine espirazione in aumento e tachicardia, poi una temperatura in rapido aumento. Quale farmaco è il trattamento specifico?

1. ADantrolene
2. BParacetamolo
3. CSuxametonio
4. DNaloxone