1.Priorità e delegaMedia
A patient with heart failure gained 2 kg (about 4 lb) since yesterday and is more breathless when lying down. What should the nurse do first?
- ARecord the weight on the chart and recheck it at the next weekly weigh-in
- BAssess the lungs, oxygen saturation and swelling, then inform the provider
- CEncourage extra fluids to correct the weight change
- DLay the patient flat to help them breathe more easily
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A patient is bleeding internally after a fall. Which finding is usually an early sign of hypovolemic shock?
- ARestlessness and a rising heart rate while the blood pressure is still normal
- BLoss of consciousness with gasping breaths
- CA very low blood pressure with fixed, dilated pupils
- DA slow heart rate with warm, dry, flushed skin and a normal blood pressure throughout
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
How should a newborn be moved through hospital corridors?
- AIn the arms of any visitor who offers to help
- BOn the mother’s lap in a wheelchair, without staff
- CCarried in the nurse’s arms for comfort
- DIn a bassinet, not carried in the arms
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A patient rescued from a house fire has a headache and confusion, but the pulse oximeter reads 99%. Why might this reading be misleading?
- APulse oximeters always read falsely low after any kind of smoke exposure
- BPulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
- CConfusion and headache make pulse oximetry readings inaccurate in every patient
- DThe reading is accurate, so carbon monoxide poisoning is ruled out
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?
- ASave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
- BCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
- CSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
- DHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
The nurse teaches a patient starting lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will check with the pharmacist before taking ibuprofen"
- B"I will drink plenty of fluids, especially in hot weather"
- C"I will tell my doctor if I have vomiting or diarrhea"
- D"I will cut out salt from my diet completely to stay healthy"
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
L'addome di un paziente è rigido «a tavola» e il paziente resta immobile perché il movimento peggiora il dolore. Che cosa suggerisce?
- AInfezione delle vie urinarie
- BStitichezza
- CPeritonite
- DDispepsia
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient with stress incontinence is taught self-care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I'll drink as little as possible so I don't leak."
- B"I'll do my pelvic floor exercises every day."
- C"I'll try to lose some weight if I can."
- D"I'll cut down on caffeine."
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?
- ATo make the cough completely stop
- BTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
- CTo flush the bacteria out through the urine
- DTo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
On a ventilated patient, the end-tidal CO₂ waveform suddenly drops to zero. What should the nurse suspect first?
- AA sudden improvement in the patient's lung function
- BA rise in the patient's body temperature over the last hour
- CNormal variation that needs no action
- DTube displacement, disconnection or obstruction
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?
- ACut all calcium out of the diet
- BDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine
- CDrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
- DTake extra vitamin C supplements
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."
- B"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."
- C"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."
- D"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
How should a patient use an incentive spirometer after surgery?
- ABlow out as hard and as fast as possible
- BUse it once a day, just before going to sleep at night
- CBreathe quickly in and out ten times in a row
- DBreathe in slowly and deeply, then hold briefly
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
Alcune ore dopo la rimozione di un catetere peridurale, un paziente in terapia anticoagulante sviluppa dolore alla schiena e debolezza alle gambe in peggioramento. Che cosa va sospettato?
- AIl normale esaurirsi del blocco peridurale nel corso della giornata
- BUn'infezione delle vie urinarie che causa mal di schiena
- CUn ematoma epidurale, che richiede valutazione d'emergenza e RM
- DUn'ulcera da pressione sacrale che causa dolore riferito alla gamba