1.Priorità e delegaMedia
On day 3 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes short of breath with sharp chest pain and an SpO₂ of 88%. What should the nurse do first?
- AEncourage the patient to walk to improve the circulation
- BRaise the head of the bed, give oxygen and call for urgent help
- CGive the next dose of oral analgesia and reassess the patient in an hour
- DMassage the patient’s calves to ease any muscle cramp
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A patient has central chest pain that started 30 minutes ago at rest and has not eased with rest or nitroglycerin. What does this suggest?
- AStable angina that will pass without treatment
- BIndigestion that is best treated with an antacid and a glass of milk
- CMuscle strain that needs a warm compress
- DA possible myocardial infarction that needs urgent action
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
Which practice makes shift handoff safer?
- AGiving handoff in a busy corridor so that the outgoing nurse can leave on time
- BGiving handoff from memory without any structure
- CUsing a standard format such as SBAR or I-PASS, with time for questions
- DLeaving written notes only, without a chance for questions
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A patient’s blood splashes onto a nurse’s forearm. The skin is intact. What is the correct response?
- AScrub the area with undiluted bleach
- BDo nothing, because intact skin cannot be contaminated
- CStart HIV post-exposure prophylaxis right away, before any other step is taken
- DWash the area with soap and water, then follow the reporting policy
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?
- AAfter about 6–8 weeks
- BAfter about 24 hours
- CAfter about 1 year
- DAfter about 3 days
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease had a CT scan with IV contrast. Two days later, the creatinine has risen from 1,4 to 2,0 mg/dL (124 to 177 µmol/L). Which action is most appropriate?
- AReport it, monitor urine output and hold metformin until reviewed
- BGive extra metformin, because the glucose rises after contrast
- CRestrict all fluids to protect the kidneys from more contrast
- DIgnore it, because contrast never affects kidney function
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Which mask is required for staff during an aerosol-generating procedure on a patient with a respiratory infection spread by aerosols?
- AA fit-tested respirator mask (such as FFP3 or N95)
- BNo mask, as long as gloves are worn
- CA standard fluid-repellent surgical mask with a visor
- DA cloth face covering
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
Why must severe chronic hyponatraemia be corrected slowly?
- AFast correction causes severe hypoglycaemia and seizures in most patients
- BSodium given quickly causes immediate cardiac arrest
- CFast correction makes the kidneys stop producing urine
- DToo-rapid correction can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Why is aspirin chewed rather than swallowed whole in a suspected acute coronary syndrome?
- AChewing stops the aspirin from irritating the lining of the stomach
- BChewing speeds absorption, giving a faster antiplatelet effect
- CWhole aspirin tablets cannot be absorbed at all from the gut
- DChewing changes aspirin into an anticoagulant
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
Un infermiere sta pianificando l'assistenza per quattro pazienti. Quale paziente va valutato per primo?
- AUn paziente con un'ulcera venosa che deve cambiare la medicazione
- BUn paziente con ipertensione controllata che chiede del sale
- CUn paziente con BPCO la cui SpO₂ è scesa dal 90% all'83% con nuova sonnolenza
- DUn paziente con scompenso cardiaco stabile che aspetta il peso giornaliero
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Un paziente con SIADH ha un sodio di 126 mmol/L e sintomi lievi. Quale trattamento è di solito di prima linea?
- AInfusione EV di glucosio al 5%
- BDesmopressina
- CAcqua extra per bocca
- DRestrizione dei liquidi
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?
- AThe thyroid has stopped working
- BThe dose is too low
- CA normal response to the drug
- DThe dose is too high
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Quale affermazione sull'alimentazione nella pancreatite acuta lieve è coerente con le linee guida attuali?
- AL'alimentazione orale può riprendere presto, quando dolore e nausea lo permettono
- BIl cibo viene sospeso finché l'amilasi non torna normale
- CI pazienti devono essere alimentati solo con nutrizione parenterale
- DI pazienti devono restare a digiuno per almeno tre settimane per far riposare il pancreas
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A 76-year-old with a past peptic ulcer needs long-term anti-inflammatory treatment for arthritis. Which plan best reduces GI bleeding risk?
- ATake the NSAID with a glass of milk instead of food
- BCombine two different NSAIDs at lower doses
- CConsider an alternative; if an NSAID is needed, add a PPI
- DUse the highest NSAID dose to shorten the course