1.Priorità e delegaMedia
Five days after starting heparin, a patient’s platelet count has fallen by more than half. What should the nurse suspect?
- AHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- BVitamin K deficiency
- CAn expected effect that needs no action
- DIron deficiency anemia
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A nurse must care for a patient with a radioactive implant. Which approach best limits the nurse’s exposure?
- AStand close to the patient to finish care faster
- BSpend longer in the room each time but visit less often during the shift
- CLimit time in the room, keep as far away as possible and use shielding
- DWear a surgical mask to block the radiation
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
A patient has a very low platelet count. Which safety measure is appropriate?
- AFloss hard each day to keep the gums healthy
- BUse a firm toothbrush and a safety razor
- CUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
- DTake rectal temperatures for accuracy
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A nurse who is not immune to chickenpox was exposed to a patient with varicella before precautions began. What usually happens?
- AThe nurse continues working with all patients as usual, including newborns
- BThe nurse must take a two-week course of antibiotics to prevent the infection
- CThe nurse only needs to wear gloves for the next month
- DThe nurse is assessed and kept from patient contact during the incubation period per policy
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
Which IV fluid can be given through the same line as a red cell transfusion?
- ALactated Ringer's (Hartmann's) solution
- B0,45% sodium chloride
- C5% dextrose in water
- D0,9% sodium chloride
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A frail older adult in a nursing home has been drinking very little during a heat wave. She is confused, and her sodium is 158 mEq/L. Which treatment would the nurse expect?
- AStrict fluid restriction to below 800 mL a day
- BRapid infusion of 3% saline to raise the volume
- CA loop diuretic to remove the extra sodium quickly
- DGradual replacement of free water over many hours
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Which oxygen device delivers a precise, fixed concentration of oxygen?
- ASimple face mask
- BVenturi mask
- CNasal cannula
- DNon-rebreathe mask
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
Un paziente anziano diventa acutamente confuso durante la notte, con attenzione fluttuante. Quale causa va indagata per prima?
- AMancanza di interesse per l'ambiente
- BIl normale invecchiamento
- CL'esordio improvviso di una malattia di Alzheimer
- DUn delirium dovuto a un problema sottostante come infezione o farmaci
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Virchow's triad describes three factors that promote venous thrombosis. Which patient factor represents venous stasis?
- AImmobility after major surgery
- BDamage to a vein during hip surgery
- CTaking an oestrogen-containing pill
- DAn inherited clotting disorder
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
Tre settimane dopo un infarto del miocardio, un paziente ha febbre, dolore toracico pleuritico che migliora piegandosi in avanti e uno sfregamento pericardico. Quale condizione è più probabile?
- ASindrome post-infartuale (di Dressler)
- BUn nuovo STEMI in un'altra arteria
- CDissecazione aortica acuta
- DInsufficienza ventricolare sinistra acuta
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Dopo una tiroidectomia, perché al letto del paziente si tengono spesso gli strumenti per rimuovere punti o clip?
- AI punti devono essere rimossi la prima sera dopo l'intervento
- BUn ematoma del collo può comprimere le vie aeree e potrebbe dover essere decompresso
- CServono per prelevare sangue dalle vene del collo
- DServono per regolare il drenaggio quando smette di funzionare
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
L'iponatremia cronica di un paziente è stata corretta da 115 a 132 mmol/L in 24 ore. Due giorni dopo sviluppa eloquio impastato, difficoltà di deglutizione e debolezza agli arti. Qual è la causa più probabile?
- ANormale recupero dall'iponatremia
- BUn nuovo ictus non correlato al sodio
- CIpoglicemia da scarso apporto
- DSindrome da demielinizzazione osmotica
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Why does a patient need lifelong vitamin B12 injections after total gastrectomy?
- AThe liver can no longer store any vitamins
- BVitamin B12 is lost in the urine after the surgery
- CIntrinsic factor from the stomach is no longer made
- DThe small bowel stops absorbing all nutrients
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
After a fall, a patient with advanced dementia is agitated, grimacing and guarding the hip, and cannot rate the pain. What should the nurse do?
- AWait until a relative can confirm the pain
- BUse an observational pain tool, give analgesia and reassess
- CGive a sedative to treat the agitation and avoid giving any analgesia
- DAssume there is no pain because none is reported