1.Priorità e delegaMedia
A patient had a colostomy formed yesterday. Which stoma appearance should be reported straight away?
- AMoist and pink-red
- BDark purple or black
- CA little bleeding when cleaned
- DSlightly swollen
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A patient has full-thickness burns all the way around the chest and is finding it harder to breathe, although the airway is clear. What does this suggest?
- AThe tight burned skin is restricting chest movement, so an escharotomy may be needed
- BThe burns are healing and the skin is tightening normally
- CThe patient has had too little IV fluid and needs a fast bolus to improve the breathing
- DThe patient is anxious and only needs reassurance
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
A nurse wants to set up a sterile field in the morning for a procedure that will take place after lunch. What is correct?
- ASet it up just before the procedure, because a waiting field may become contaminated
- BSet it up in the morning and cover it with a clean towel until the procedure starts
- CSet it up in the morning and ask a colleague to check it once
- DSet it up in the morning and leave it uncovered in an empty room
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A hospital will introduce new infusion pumps and wants to find out how the process could fail before any harm occurs. Which method fits best?
- AA morbidity and mortality meeting
- BRoot cause analysis (RCA) of the new pumps
- CAn incident report for each new pump
- DFailure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?
- AThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
- BThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
- CThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
- DThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
An RN cares for a patient on a 24-hour urine collection. Which task can be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?
- AInterpreting the creatinine clearance result when it comes back
- BSaving all urine in the collection container as instructed
- CTeaching the patient why the 24-hour collection is needed
- DDeciding whether to restart the collection after a missed sample
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
An arterial blood gas shows a low pH, a high PaCO2 and a normal bicarbonate. What does this show?
- AMetabolic acidosis
- BRespiratory alkalosis
- CMetabolic alkalosis
- DRespiratory acidosis
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A seriously ill patient asks the nurse, "Am I dying?" What is the best initial response?
- ATell the patient not to think about such things and to stay positive
- BChange the subject quickly to keep them cheerful and avoid upsetting them
- CGently explore what the patient understands and what has prompted the question
- DLeave and send the doctor without saying anything
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Un paziente ha un peptide natriuretico di tipo B (BNP o NT-proBNP) elevato. Che cosa riflette principalmente?
- ADanno ischemico del muscolo cardiaco
- BDanno al muscolo scheletrico dopo una caduta
- CStiramento e sovraccarico di pressione dei ventricoli
- DInfiammazione del fegato da congestione
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
A patient with severe chronic kidney disease needs therapeutic anticoagulation for a DVT. Why might unfractionated heparin be chosen instead of a low-molecular-weight heparin?
- ALMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate
- BUnfractionated heparin has no bleeding risk at all
- CLMWH cannot be given to anyone over 60
- DUnfractionated heparin is taken by mouth
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Dopo una tiroidectomia, perché al letto del paziente si tengono spesso gli strumenti per rimuovere punti o clip?
- AI punti devono essere rimossi la prima sera dopo l'intervento
- BUn ematoma del collo può comprimere le vie aeree e potrebbe dover essere decompresso
- CServono per regolare il drenaggio quando smette di funzionare
- DServono per prelevare sangue dalle vene del collo
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient with known back pain says they now cannot feel the skin between their legs and have not passed urine for 12 hours. What should happen?
- AA laxative and review in the clinic in a month
- BAdvice to rest at home and take stronger painkillers
- CUrgent MRI and referral to the spinal surgeons
- DA routine physiotherapy appointment next week
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Quale anomalia elettrolitica può contribuire a un ileo postoperatorio?
- AIpernatremia
- BIperkaliemia
- CIperfosfatemia
- DIpokaliemia
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
On day 3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has abdominal pain, fever and mild jaundice, and green fluid is draining from the drain. What is most likely?
- AA wound haematoma
- BNormal post-operative drainage
- CUrinary retention
- DA bile leak