Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
2. BIt has no effect on potassium in any amount
3. CIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood
4. DIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level

A raised eosinophil count is most typical of:

1. AAcute bacterial pneumonia and sepsis
2. BAcute blood loss after trauma
3. CAllergic conditions and parasitic infections
4. DViral infections such as glandular fever

For many non-pregnant adults with diabetes, which HbA1c target is commonly recommended?

1. ABelow 10% (86 mmol/mol)
2. BBelow 4% (20 mmol/mol)
3. CAbove 9% (75 mmol/mol)
4. DBelow 7% (53 mmol/mol)

In che modo il calcio gluconato endovenoso aiuta un paziente con iperkaliemia grave?

1. AStabilizza le membrane delle cellule cardiache senza abbassare il potassio
2. BAumenta l'eliminazione del potassio da parte dei reni
3. CLega il potassio nell'intestino così che venga eliminato con le feci
4. DSposta il potassio dal sangue alle cellule

A patient has a calcium of 7,0 mg/dL (1,75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. ALimit dairy products until the level falls again
2. BPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
3. CPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone
4. DEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium

A patient has had severe watery diarrhea for 4 days. Which laboratory pattern would the nurse expect?

1. AHigh sodium and high calcium
2. BLow glucose and high magnesium
3. CHigh potassium and high bicarbonate
4. DLow potassium and low bicarbonate

Weeks after neck surgery, a patient has muscle cramps and tingling. Calcium is low, phosphate is high and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is low. Which condition fits best?

1. AVitamin D toxicity
2. BChronic kidney disease
3. CPrimary hyperparathyroidism
4. DHypoparathyroidism

A patient has a continuous heparin infusion for a pulmonary embolism. A new nurse plans to adjust the infusion using today's INR of 1,1. What should the experienced nurse explain?

1. AHeparin is adjusted using the aPTT or anti-Xa level, not the INR
2. BThe INR is the correct test, and 1,1 means heparin is therapeutic
3. CThe INR of 1,1 means the heparin rate must be doubled at once
4. DHeparin needs no laboratory monitoring once the infusion is started