Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Perché si devono evitare fumo e fiamme libere vicino a un paziente in ossigenoterapia?

1. AL'ossigeno è esplosivo a contatto con la pelle calda
2. BL'ossigeno stesso diventa un gas infiammabile quando viene riscaldato
3. CIl fumo ostruisce i piccoli fori del tubo dell'ossigeno
4. DL'ossigeno fa accendere facilmente i materiali e li fa bruciare con violenza

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AA persistent dry, tickly cough
2. BOrange-red colouring of the urine
3. CHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
4. DBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)

Where is the apex beat normally felt in an adult?

1. AThe fifth intercostal space in the left mid-clavicular line
2. BThe second intercostal space to the right of the sternum
3. CJust below the right nipple
4. DOver the middle of the breastbone

A patient's ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) is 0,6. What does this suggest?

1. AStiff, calcified arteries that read falsely high
2. BA deep vein thrombosis
3. CNormal leg circulation
4. DSignificant peripheral arterial disease

Rheumatic heart disease most often follows which infection?

1. AStaphylococcal infection of the skin
2. BA group A streptococcal throat infection
3. CA fungal infection of the lungs
4. DA viral infection of the upper airway

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
2. BIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
3. CIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
4. DIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors

A frightened young woman is breathing fast and has tingling fingers. Her blood gas shows pH 7,50 and a low PaCO₂. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic acidosis from kidney failure
2. BRespiratory acidosis from hypoventilation
3. CRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
4. DMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

1. AHypokalaemia
2. BHypercalcaemia
3. CHyponatraemia
4. DHypomagnesaemia