Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologica con soluzioni

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby
2. BOnly by coughing and sneezing
3. COnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water
4. DThrough touching door handles and shaking hands

Quale è una delle cause più comuni di cirrosi epatica?

1. AAnemia da carenza di ferro
2. BUso prolungato e massiccio di alcol
3. CUna dieta ricca di frutta e fibre
4. DUn singolo episodio di intossicazione alimentare

What is adjuvant chemotherapy?

1. ATreatment after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence
2. BTreatment given only to relieve symptoms
3. CTreatment given before a biopsy is taken
4. DTreatment given only to patients who refuse surgery or radiotherapy

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
2. BA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt can only be given by mouth

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. AAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told
2. BSet up a private setting with enough time
3. CGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor
4. DGive all treatment options before checking understanding

Quale consiglio alimentare riduce il rischio di ostruzione con una nuova ileostomia?

1. ADeglutire rapidamente il cibo senza masticare molto
2. BMasticare bene e introdurre lentamente gli alimenti ricchi di fibre
3. CMangiare molta frutta secca e semi fin dal primo giorno
4. DBere pochissimo per mantenere denso l'output

After a fall, a patient with advanced dementia is agitated, grimacing and guarding the hip, and cannot rate the pain. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait until a relative can confirm the pain
2. BAssume there is no pain because none is reported
3. CUse an observational pain tool, give analgesia and reassess
4. DGive a sedative to treat the agitation and avoid giving any analgesia

A patient with gastric outlet obstruction has vomited repeatedly for several days. Which blood picture is most likely?

1. ALow chloride, low potassium and metabolic alkalosis
2. BHigh chloride, high potassium and metabolic acidosis
3. CHigh calcium, high sodium and respiratory acidosis
4. DNormal electrolytes with respiratory alkalosis