Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologica con soluzioni

Why are patients advised to stop smoking before surgery?

1. AIt is needed so that consent forms are valid
2. BIt makes the anaesthetic work for a shorter time
3. CIt stops patients from feeling hungry while fasting
4. DIt lowers the risk of chest and wound complications

What is an ERCP?

1. AAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
2. BA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
3. CAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
4. DA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes

Why is a feeding tube flushed with water before and after giving medicines?

1. ATo check that the patient is not thirsty
2. BTo clean the stomach before the next meal
3. CTo warm the tube so it is more comfortable
4. DTo keep it clear and stop drugs mixing with feed

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AWait until there has been no stool for a week
2. BStop eating fibre completely
3. CStart a regular laxative at the same time
4. DTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. ASevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion
2. BSudden hair loss during the infusion
3. CA rise in platelet count above normal
4. DAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness

What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?

1. ATreatment that is given only after the cancer has already spread
2. BTreatment given only for pain relief
3. CTreatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour
4. DTreatment that is given instead of any surgery

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. APulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
2. BWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
3. CAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
4. DSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and says they feel completely well. Which statement is correct?

1. ALiver damage after paracetamol occurs only within the first hour or so
2. BFeeling well means the dose was too small to cause harm
3. CLiver damage may still develop, and appears only days later
4. DTreatment is not needed if the patient has not vomited