Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Perché molti pazienti con malattia renale cronica sviluppano anemia?

1. AI reni distruggono i globuli rossi
2. BI reni producono meno eritropoietina
3. COgni giorno si perde sangue con le urine
4. DLa dialisi rimuove il ferro dal sangue

What is a positive Kernig's sign?

1. ABending of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed
2. BTwitching of the facial muscles when the cheek is tapped in front of the ear
3. CBruising behind the ear after a head injury
4. DPain and resistance when the knee is straightened with the hip flexed

Come va girato un paziente con sospetta lesione spinale?

1. ASollevato per braccia e gambe da una sola persona
2. BCon la tecnica del log-roll da parte di un'équipe che mantiene allineata la colonna
3. CChiedendogli di girarsi lentamente da solo
4. DGirato prima alle spalle, poi al bacino

Un paziente in terapia con dapagliflozin (un inibitore di SGLT2) ha vomito, chetoni nel sangue di 4,5 mmol/L ma una glicemia di soli 11 mmol/L. Che cosa va sospettato?

1. AUn normale effetto collaterale che non richiede interventi
2. BChetoacidosi diabetica euglicemica
3. CStato iperglicemico iperosmolare
4. DIpoglicemia causata dal vomito

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid
2. BStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water
3. CWeighing the patient once a month
4. DA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. ASwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth
2. BA persistent dry cough at night
3. CChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger
4. DOrange discoloration of the urine

A nurse teaches a wheelchair user with a spinal cord injury about skin care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I only need to check my skin when something hurts."
2. B"I will keep my skin clean and dry."
3. C"I will shift my weight in the chair regularly."
4. D"I will use a mirror to check my bottom and heels every day."

A patient with gastroparesis has hypos soon after their meal-time insulin, then high glucose several hours later. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe meter gives false results for several hours after every meal
2. BThe insulin has gone off and needs replacing
3. CFood is absorbed slowly, so the insulin peaks before the glucose rises
4. DThe patient is secretly eating sweets between meals