Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

A patient with advanced CKD has a high potassium. Which foods are often limited?

1. ABananas, potatoes and oranges
2. BWhite rice, pasta and bread
3. CApples, berries and cabbage
4. DEgg whites, chicken and fish

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight without excess fluid in the body
2. BThe weight measured with an empty bladder
3. CThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
4. DThe weight of the patient's clothes

A febrile patient has a rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA simple viral skin rash
2. BMeningococcal septicaemia
3. CHeat rash from a high temperature
4. DAn allergic reaction to soap

Which group of problems is typical of primary hyperparathyroidism?

1. AHair loss, weight gain and feeling cold
2. BMuscle cramps, tingling lips and seizures
3. CHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhoea
4. DKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and low mood

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
2. BThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord
3. CThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible
4. DThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery

Why are patients with an acute spinal cord injury at high risk of deep vein thrombosis?

1. AThe injury makes the blood too thin to clot properly in the veins
2. BThey usually take oestrogen as part of their treatment
3. CParalysed leg muscles no longer pump blood back to the heart
4. DSpinal injuries always damage the large veins of the legs

A patient who had pituitary surgery has fatigue and feels cold. TSH is low, and free T4 is low. What is the most likely cause?

1. AOver-replacement with levothyroxine
2. BSecondary hypothyroidism
3. CPrimary hypothyroidism from thyroid failure
4. DHyperthyroidism from Graves' disease

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACentral cord syndrome
2. BA complete lumbar cord injury
3. CCauda equina syndrome
4. DBrown-Séquard syndrome