Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

In neurological charting, what does PERRLA stand for?

1. APulse even, regular, rate low and adequate
2. BPatient eating, resting, reading, learning and alert at all times
3. CPupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
4. DPain eased, resting, relaxed, lying awake

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. AA sudden onset with attention that comes and goes
2. BMemory problems in a person over the age of 75
3. CGetting lost in places that were familiar
4. DDifficulty finding the right words

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often develop bone disease?

1. APatients usually drink too much milk
2. BThe kidneys release too much calcium into the bones
3. CThe kidneys cannot activate vitamin D or clear phosphate
4. DThe bones are attacked by antibodies made in the kidneys

Why are patients with an acute spinal cord injury at high risk of deep vein thrombosis?

1. AThey usually take oestrogen as part of their treatment
2. BParalysed leg muscles no longer pump blood back to the heart
3. CSpinal injuries always damage the large veins of the legs
4. DThe injury makes the blood too thin to clot properly in the veins

Why must Parkinson's medicines be given on time in hospital?

1. ALate doses cause the patient to develop high blood glucose
2. BLate doses build up in the blood and cause an overdose
3. CGiving them on time prevents the disease from getting worse
4. DLate doses can soon cause stiffness, falls and poor swallowing

Dopo una tiroidectomia, perché al letto del paziente si tengono spesso gli strumenti per rimuovere punti o clip?

1. AServono per regolare il drenaggio quando smette di funzionare
2. BServono per prelevare sangue dalle vene del collo
3. CI punti devono essere rimossi la prima sera dopo l'intervento
4. DUn ematoma del collo può comprimere le vie aeree e potrebbe dover essere decompresso

Un paziente con ipotiroidismo che ha saltato la terapia per settimane viene ricoverato ipotermico e sonnolento, con polso 46/min, sodio basso e PaCO₂ elevata. Quale condizione è più probabile?

1. ACrisi surrenalica
2. BColpo di calore
3. CTempesta tiroidea
4. DComa mixedematoso

A patient with acromegaly snores loudly, stops breathing at times in sleep and is sleepy during the day. What is most likely?

1. ANarcolepsy
2. BNormal snoring
3. CAn anxiety disorder
4. DObstructive sleep apnoea