Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Quale ghiandola produce il cortisolo?

1. ALa midollare del surrene
2. BL'ipofisi posteriore
3. CLa corteccia surrenale
4. DLa tiroide

Which is a common cause of a low potassium level?

1. ATaking a loop diuretic such as furosemide
2. BAdvanced chronic kidney disease
3. CAddison's disease
4. DTaking an ACE inhibitor such as ramipril

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey make the kidneys pass more glucose
2. BThey make the pancreas release more insulin
3. CThey replace insulin that the body lacks
4. DThey slow down the absorption of food

How does bladder training help urge incontinence?

1. AA catheter is used every night
2. BThe time between voids is slowly increased
3. CThe patient goes to the toilet every 15 minutes
4. DThe patient drinks as little as possible

An older patient with a long-term catheter has bacteria in the urine but no symptoms. What is usually appropriate?

1. ARemove the catheter permanently at once
2. BA full course of antibiotics straight away
3. CAntibiotics for life to keep the urine sterile
4. DNo antibiotics, as long as there are no symptoms

Why should long-term steroid treatment not be stopped suddenly?

1. AThe suppressed adrenal glands cannot make enough cortisol at once
2. BThe steroids build up and become toxic after they are stopped
3. CStopping causes the blood glucose to fall sharply
4. DStopping suddenly makes the bones grow too quickly and then fracture

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI
2. BReassure him, because the blood has stopped
3. CUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging
4. DAdvise more fluids and review in a year

A patient on warfarin starts levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should the nurse expect to monitor more closely?

1. AThe blood glucose, because it may fall
2. BThe potassium, because it may rise
3. CThe INR, because it may rise
4. DThe urine output, because it may stop