Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which type of insulin is given intravenously, for example in an insulin infusion?

1. AIntermediate-acting NPH (isophane) insulin
2. BPremixed biphasic insulin
3. CLong-acting insulin glargine
4. DSoluble (regular) short-acting insulin

What causes myasthenia gravis?

1. AAntibodies against acetylcholine receptors on muscle
2. BLoss of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain
3. CDamage to myelin in the brain and spinal cord
4. DCompression of a nerve root in the lower back

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces
2. BThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
3. CAll vertebrae in the neck are broken
4. DNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhoea takes ramipril, furosemide and metformin. Which advice is correct?

1. ADouble the furosemide to prevent fluid retention
2. BPause these medicines until eating and drinking again
3. CKeep taking everything as normal and drink less
4. DAdd ibuprofen to treat the abdominal cramps

Which measure best prevents catheter-associated urinary tract infection?

1. ADisconnect the bag regularly to empty it
2. BRemove the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
3. CKeep the drainage bag above bladder level
4. DChange the catheter for a new one every day

Quindici minuti dopo il trattamento con compresse di glucosio, la glicemia di un paziente è salita da 3,2 a 5,1 mmol/L. Il pasto successivo è tra due ore. Che cosa deve avvenire ora?

1. ADare subito la solita dose di insulina ad azione rapida
2. BNon serve altro fino a quando verrà servito il pasto più tardi
3. CDare uno spuntino con carboidrati ad azione più prolungata, come un panino
4. DDare un'altra dose di compresse di glucosio per portarla più in alto

A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."
2. B"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."
3. C"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."
4. D"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."

A patient with known back pain says they now cannot feel the skin between their legs and have not passed urine for 12 hours. What should happen?

1. AAdvice to rest at home and take stronger painkillers
2. BUrgent MRI and referral to the spinal surgeons
3. CA laxative and review in the clinic in a month
4. DA routine physiotherapy appointment next week