Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt mainly affects children under the age of five years
2. BIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements
3. CIt is cured by levodopa
4. DIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain

Which description best fits type 2 diabetes?

1. AAutoimmune destruction of all beta cells in childhood
2. BInsulin resistance with a relative lack of insulin
3. CA total lack of insulin from birth
4. DToo much insulin released after meals

What is the most common cause of a high sodium in a frail older adult?

1. AEating too much fruit
2. BDrinking too much water
3. CTaking too much insulin
4. DNot drinking enough water

Which headache feature most suggests raised intracranial pressure from a brain tumour?

1. AOnly present after reading for a long time
2. BWorse on waking and on coughing, with vomiting
3. CA tight band across the forehead that eases with rest
4. DBetter in the morning and worse with stress

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe patient has drunk too little fluid
2. BThe patient is passing urine normally
3. CThe kidneys are making too little urine
4. DThe bladder is not emptying properly

For which patient with migraine would the nurse question an order for sumatriptan?

1. AA patient with well-controlled hypothyroidism
2. BA patient who also has asthma
3. CA patient with a history of angina
4. DA patient with an allergy to penicillin

Un paziente in emodialisi chiede perché i liquidi tra una seduta e l'altra vadano limitati. Quale spiegazione è corretta?

1. AI liquidi in eccesso si accumulano, aumentando la PA e causando mancanza di respiro e crampi in dialisi
2. BLa restrizione dei liquidi serve soprattutto ad abbreviare il tempo trascorso alla macchina
3. CI liquidi in più indeboliscono la parete della fistola e la fanno rompere più facilmente
4. DBere acqua fa sì che la dialisi rimuova troppo potassio dal sangue

The day after a lumbar puncture, a patient has a headache that is severe when standing and almost gone when lying flat. Temperature and neck movement are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. APost-dural puncture headache
2. BBacterial meningitis from the procedure
3. CA subarachnoid haemorrhage
4. DA migraine triggered by stress