Scheda di esercizi di Infermieristica pediatrica con soluzioni

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
2. BA missing X chromosome in a girl
3. CA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
4. DInfection with rubella in early pregnancy

Which congenital heart defect causes cyanosis?

1. APatent ductus arteriosus
2. BSmall ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right shunt
3. CAtrial septal defect
4. DTransposition of the great arteries

Quale intervallo di frequenza cardiaca a riposo è tipico di un bambino in età scolare (circa 6–12 anni)?

1. ACirca 120–170 battiti al minuto
2. BCirca 70–120 battiti al minuto
3. CCirca 40–60 battiti al minuto
4. DCirca 150–200 battiti al minuto

A child with type 1 diabetes is unconscious from hypoglycaemia at school. What should be done?

1. AGive glucagon and call emergency services
2. BGive the child's usual dose of insulin
3. CLet the child sleep and check again in an hour
4. DGive a glass of orange juice by mouth

How is a child usually positioned for a lumbar puncture?

1. AStanding and leaning against the wall
2. BOn the side, curled up with knees drawn up and head bent forward
3. CFlat on the back with the legs straight and a small pillow under the head
4. DProne with a pillow under the chest

Quale misura non farmacologica riduce il dolore procedurale nei neonati, per esempio durante il prelievo dal tallone?

1. AAllattamento al seno, contatto pelle a pelle o saccarosio per via orale
2. BAspettare che il neonato dorma, senza altre forme di conforto
3. CAcqua fredda sul tallone prima della puntura
4. DLasciare il neonato da solo nella culla

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply
2. BPotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
3. CInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously
4. DPotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip

The parent of a child on chemotherapy calls to say the child has a temperature of 38,5 °C (101,3 °F). What is the correct advice?

1. ABring the child to hospital straight away for assessment and IV antibiotics
2. BGive a cool bath and keep the child at home
3. CGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and call back if the fever lasts more than 2 days
4. DWait until the next clinic visit, as fever is common