Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box
2. BA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential
3. CA note that the drug is available without prescription
4. DThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk

Which drug is used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning?

1. ADeferoxamine
2. BVitamin K
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DHydroxocobalamin

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AInto the outer thigh muscle
2. BInto a vein in the arm
3. CInto the abdomen under the skin
4. DUnder the tongue

A patient takes theophylline for COPD. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid potassium-rich foods such as bananas
2. BTake extra doses when short of breath
3. CLimit coffee, tea and cola, because caffeine adds to the side effects
4. DDrink plenty of grapefruit juice each morning to improve absorption

Un farmaco inibisce l'enzima epatico CYP3A4. Che cosa può succedere a un secondo farmaco metabolizzato soprattutto da CYP3A4?

1. AIl suo livello plasmatico sale e aumenta il rischio di effetti collaterali
2. BIl suo livello plasmatico scende e può smettere di funzionare alla dose abituale
3. CNulla, perché gli enzimi non influenzano altri farmaci
4. DViene eliminato più in fretta dai reni

A patient is starting olanzapine. Which monitoring is most important over the following months?

1. APeak expiratory flow
2. BHearing tests and vision tests every month
3. CINR and platelet count
4. DWeight, blood glucose and blood lipids

Why is pethidine (meperidine) avoided in older people and in kidney impairment?

1. AIt causes severe hypoglycaemia in these groups
2. BIts metabolite norpethidine builds up and can cause seizures
3. CIt has no pain-relieving effect in older people
4. DIt is not absorbed from the gut when kidney function is poor

A patient receiving frequent salbutamol (albuterol) nebulisers develops a fine tremor and a heart rate of 120 per minute. What is the best explanation?

1. ASalbutamol causes high potassium, which speeds the heart and causes muscle twitching
2. BSalbutamol blocks muscarinic receptors in the heart
3. CThe patient is allergic to salbutamol and needs adrenaline
4. DAt high doses it also stimulates beta receptors in skeletal muscle and the heart