Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

1. AWith blood transfusions every month
2. BWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping
3. CWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
4. DWith folic acid alone

Nicotine replacement therapy is used to:

1. AMake cigarettes taste unpleasant
2. BReduce withdrawal and cravings when stopping smoking
3. CBlock nicotine receptors completely
4. DRepair the lung damage caused by years of smoking

Methylphenidate, used in ADHD, belongs to which class?

1. ACentral nervous system stimulants
2. BBenzodiazepines
3. CAntipsychotics (dopamine blockers)
4. DOpioid analgesics

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker. What should the nurse advise about the first dose?

1. ATake it at bedtime, because it can cause dizziness and fainting
2. BTake it only if the urine is darker than usual
3. CTake it in the morning with a cup of strong coffee to stay alert
4. DExpect a short rise in blood pressure after the dose

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

1. ADrowsiness and dizziness
2. BHair loss and weight loss
3. CInsomnia and agitation
4. DCough and runny nose

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
2. BGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
3. CGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
4. DGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth

A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?

1. ANo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
2. BTake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
3. CAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels
4. DStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception

A woman has received a high-dose oxytocin infusion with large volumes of hypotonic fluid for many hours. She now has a headache, confusion and a low serum sodium. What is the most likely cause?

1. AWater intoxication from the antidiuretic effect of oxytocin
2. BAn allergic reaction to oxytocin causing brain swelling
3. CExcessive salt in the infusion fluid
4. DNormal tiredness after a long labour