Scheda di esercizi di Farmacologia con soluzioni

Quale proteina plasmatica lega la maggior parte dei farmaci acidi, come il warfarin?

1. AL'emoglobina
2. BL'insulina
3. CIl fibrinogeno
4. DL'albumina

Which drug is the antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BVitamin K
3. CNaloxone
4. DAcetylcysteine

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ALoss of taste
2. BExcess saliva production
3. CBlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

An IV site is cool, swollen and pale, and the infusion is running slowly. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the infusion, remove the cannula and elevate the limb
2. BApply a tight bandage over the site
3. CIncrease the infusion rate to push through and clear the blockage
4. DFlush the cannula forcefully with saline

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. AA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
2. BBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
3. CNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
4. DAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut

I macrolidi come la claritromicina agiscono:

1. ALegandosi alla subunità ribosomiale 50S e inibendo la sintesi proteica
2. BInibendo la sintesi della parete cellulare
3. CInibendo la DNA girasi
4. DBloccando la sintesi dell'acido folico

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis takes oral propranolol, a drug with a high first-pass metabolism. What effect is expected?

1. AMore drug reaches the circulation, so a lower dose may be needed
2. BThe drug is excreted faster by the kidney, so it works for a shorter time
3. CLess drug is absorbed from the gut, so a higher dose is needed
4. DThe first-pass effect increases, so the drug becomes inactive

Il probenecid è stato usato per aumentare i livelli plasmatici di penicillina. Come lo fa?

1. AInibisce il metabolismo epatico della penicillina
2. BSposta la penicillina dalle proteine plasmatiche
3. CBlocca la secrezione tubulare della penicillina nel rene
4. DAumenta l'assorbimento intestinale della penicillina nell'intestino tenue