解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What is the main role of carbohydrates in the human diet?

1. ATo build muscle tissue
2. BTo provide a quick source of energy
3. CTo form antibodies
4. DTo carry the body's genetic information

What does DNA replication produce?

1. ATwo identical DNA molecules
2. BA new protein
3. CFour different DNA molecules
4. DOne mRNA molecule

表現型とは何か。

1. A配偶子に含まれる染色体の数
2. B遺伝子の塩基の並び順
3. C生物がある遺伝子について持つ対立遺伝子の組
4. D目の色のような、観察できる形質

Which statement best describes biological evolution?

1. AGrowth of an organism from a single zygote to a fully grown adult
2. BMovement of animals to a new habitat each year
3. CChange in the inherited traits of a population over generations
4. DChange in the body of one organism during its lifetime

赤緑色覚異常が女性より男性に多いのはなぜか。

1. A男性はX染色体が 1 本なので、対立遺伝子が 1 つあれば十分だから
2. B女性は父親からその対立遺伝子を受け継げないから
3. Cその対立遺伝子はY染色体上にあるから
4. Dその対立遺伝子は男性では優性、女性では劣性だから

How can bacteria pass antibiotic-resistance genes directly to other bacteria?

1. ABy osmosis, moving genes in water
2. BBy meiosis, forming gametes with new alleles
3. CBy mitosis, sharing copies of their chromosomes with neighbours
4. DBy conjugation, transferring plasmids through a pilus

A karyotype shows 45 chromosomes, with a single X chromosome and no Y. Which condition is this?

1. AKlinefelter syndrome
2. BDown syndrome
3. CTurner syndrome
4. DA typical male karyotype

Why do cells get far more ATP from glucose when oxygen is present than when it is absent?

1. AWithout oxygen, glucose cannot enter the cell or be broken down at all
2. BWithout oxygen the Krebs cycle runs faster but makes less ATP
3. COxygen itself is converted into ATP in the mitochondria
4. DWithout oxygen only glycolysis runs, giving a net of 2 ATP per glucose