解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What does it mean that a cell membrane is selectively permeable?

1. AIt lets no substance cross at all
2. BIt lets only water molecules cross
3. CIt lets every substance cross freely in both directions
4. DIt lets some substances cross but not others

Which piece of equipment gives the most precise measurement of a liquid volume?

1. AA Petri dish
2. BA beaker
3. CA test tube
4. DA graduated cylinder

Which of these hormones is a steroid?

1. AInsulin
2. BTestosterone
3. CGrowth hormone
4. DGlucagon

What is the function of the pores in the nuclear envelope?

1. AThey attach the nucleus to the cell membrane
2. BThey let molecules such as mRNA pass in and out
3. CThey let chromosomes leave the nucleus to be copied
4. DThey make ribosomal RNA for the cell

酵素はどのようにして化学反応を速めるか。

1. A活性化エネルギーを下げる
2. B反応物として消費される
3. C生成物にエネルギーを加える
4. D細胞の温度を上げる

A protein is made to be secreted out of the cell. What path does it follow?

1. ARough ER, then Golgi apparatus, then vesicle, then cell membrane
2. BSmooth ER, then mitochondrion, then vesicle, then cell membrane
3. CNucleus, then lysosome, then Golgi apparatus, then cell membrane
4. DGolgi apparatus, then rough ER, then nucleus, then cell membrane

Why does the influenza vaccine need to be updated most years?

1. AThe virus keeps changing its surface proteins through mutation
2. BAntibodies cannot be made against viruses
3. CThe vaccine damages the immune system after one year, so it must be repeated
4. DInfluenza is caused by a different bacterium each year

The antibiotic tetracycline binds to bacterial ribosomes. Which process does it block, and why are human cells much less affected?

1. ATranslation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
2. BDNA replication, because bacteria have no DNA polymerase
3. CTranslation, because human cells have no ribosomes
4. DTranscription, because human cells have no RNA polymerase of their own