解答つき臨床看護学ワークシート

When monitoring fluid balance, a rapid gain of 1 kg in body weight roughly equals:

1. A1 litre of retained fluid
2. B100 mL of retained fluid
3. C5 litres of retained fluid
4. D10 mL of retained fluid

Clostridioides difficile による下痢のある患者をケアした後に必要な手指衛生の方法は？

1. A手袋をしていたなら手指衛生は不要
2. Bアルコール手指消毒薬だけ
3. Cペーパータオルで手をふく
4. D石けんと流水による手洗い

けいれん発作を起こしたばかりで、今はうとうとしている患者に最優先すべきことは？

1. Aそれ以上観察せずに、酔いが覚めるまで眠らせておく
2. B動かないように強く押さえる
3. C回復体位にして気道を確保する
4. Dすぐに食べ物と水を与える

What is the main benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD?

1. AReversal of the lung damage caused by smoking
2. BA cure for the disease within months
3. CNo further need for inhalers
4. DBetter exercise capacity and quality of life

How does CPAP help a patient with obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt keeps the upper airway open during sleep with continuous air pressure
2. BIt delivers bronchodilator drugs deep into the lungs overnight
3. CIt removes excess carbon dioxide from the lungs by gentle suction
4. DIt strengthens the breathing muscles during the day

患者の水分出納表では、24 時間の摂取量が 1,200 mL、排出量が 2,300 mL です。これは何を示していますか？

1. A1,100 mL のプラスバランス
2. B釣り合った水分状態
3. C3,500 mL のプラスバランス
4. D1,100 mL のマイナスバランス

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose six hours ago and says they feel well. Why is treatment still urgent?

1. AParacetamol overdose causes immediate breathing problems
2. BParacetamol damage only shows up in the kidneys, many weeks later
3. CPatients who feel well after six hours never need any treatment at all
4. DLiver damage develops later, and the antidote works best when given early

A patient on metformin with reduced kidney function is due a CT scan with IV contrast. Why might metformin be withheld?

1. AThere is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function worsens
2. BMetformin causes severe bleeding during scans
3. CMetformin makes the images blurry
4. DMetformin reacts with the contrast to cause severe hyperglycaemia