1.やさしい
Which of these is considered a high-alert (high-risk) medicine?
- ASimple linctus
- BLactulose
- CEmollient cream
- DInsulin
2.やさしい
Anaemia means:
- AA raised blood glucose level
- BA lower than normal haemoglobin level
- CA low platelet count
- DA higher than normal white cell count
3.やさしい
What is the usual normal range for serum potassium in adults (in mmol/L, numerically equal to mEq/L)?
- AAbout 1.5–2.5 mmol/L
- BAbout 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
- CAbout 135–145 mmol/L
- DAbout 6.5–8.0 mmol/L
4.ふつう
An older adult has left lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP. Which condition is most likely?
- AGastric ulcer
- BDiverticulitis
- CBiliary colic
- DAppendicitis
5.ふつう
A patient with COPD and known carbon dioxide retention needs a nebulised bronchodilator. How should it usually be given?
- AWithout monitoring oxygen saturation
- BDriven by high-flow oxygen at 15 L/min for as long as possible
- COnly with the patient lying flat
- DDriven by compressed air, with oxygen given separately if needed
6.ふつう
Which blood results are typical of Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency)?
- ALow sodium and high potassium
- BHigh sodium and low potassium
- CLow haemoglobin and high platelets
- DHigh glucose and high calcium
7.むずかしい
Why should chronic hypernatraemia be corrected gradually?
- AFast correction causes osmotic demyelination from swelling of the kidneys
- BLowering the sodium too fast can cause cerebral oedema
- CSlow correction is only needed in children
- DFast correction causes severe hyperkalaemia
8.むずかしい
A patient has a single hot, swollen, very painful knee and a fever. Why is urgent joint aspiration important?
- ATo prevent osteoporosis
- BTo measure the patient's cholesterol
- CTo check for rheumatoid arthritis antibodies in the joint fluid
- DTo rule out septic arthritis, which can rapidly destroy the joint
解答
- 1. D · Insulin
- 2. B · A lower than normal haemoglobin level
- 3. B · About 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
- 4. B · Diverticulitis
- 5. D · Driven by compressed air, with oxygen given separately if needed
- 6. A · Low sodium and high potassium
- 7. B · Lowering the sodium too fast can cause cerebral oedema
- 8. D · To rule out septic arthritis, which can rapidly destroy the joint
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