解答つき感染管理と患者の安全ワークシート

What is the main difference between an N95 respirator and a surgical mask?

1. AAn N95 is only worn by patients, and surgical masks only by staff
2. BA surgical mask filters smaller particles than an N95
3. CThere is no real difference, so they can be swapped freely for any type of precautions
4. DAn N95 filters small airborne particles, while a surgical mask mainly blocks droplets

Why is a Gram stain often done on a specimen before the culture result is ready?

1. AIt quickly sorts bacteria into groups that help choose early treatment
2. BIt shows exactly which antibiotic will work
3. CIt confirms whether the patient has a virus and which virus it is
4. DIt measures the number of white cells in the blood

Surgical instruments that enter sterile tissue are “critical” items. Which processing do they need before reuse?

1. ACleaning with detergent and water only
2. BHigh-level disinfection
3. CSterilization
4. DLow-level disinfection

Which room lighting is safest at night for a patient at high risk of falls?

1. AComplete darkness so the patient sleeps more deeply
2. BOnly the light from the television screen
3. CBright overhead lights left on all night in the room
4. DA low night light that lights the path to the bathroom

看護師が2人の患者の薬を準備しています。最も安全な方法はどれですか？

1. A時間を節約するため、2人の薬を一緒に準備する
2. B1人の患者ごとに薬を準備して与薬する
3. C2人の薬を1つのカップに入れ、ベッドサイドで仕分ける
4. D一方の患者に、もう一方の患者に薬を渡すよう頼む

Which measure is part of the bundle for inserting a central venous catheter to prevent bloodstream infection?

1. AGiving antibiotics to every patient before insertion
2. BChlorhexidine-alcohol skin antisepsis and maximal sterile barrier precautions
3. CRoutine replacement of the catheter on a fixed schedule, such as every three days
4. DChoosing the femoral vein as the first site in adults

A newly hired nurse has these hepatitis B results: HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, anti-HBc negative. What do they show?

1. ANo immunity, so the vaccine is needed
2. BImmunity from hepatitis B vaccination
3. CPast infection that has now cleared
4. DA current hepatitis B infection

A hospital will introduce new infusion pumps and wants to find out how the process could fail before any harm occurs. Which method fits best?

1. ARoot cause analysis (RCA) of the new pumps
2. BAn incident report for each new pump
3. CFailure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
4. DA morbidity and mortality meeting