解答つき感染管理と患者の安全ワークシート

Which example shows indirect contact transmission?

1. ABacteria on a bed rail reach a nurse’s hands and then another patient
2. BA person inhales tiny particles that hang in the air of a room
3. CLarge droplets from a sneeze land directly on a nearby person’s face
4. DA mosquito bites an infected person and then a healthy one

In the United States, what is a “boxed warning” (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AA label for drugs that are safe in children
2. BA note that the drug must be kept in a locked box on the ward
3. CA sign that the drug is no longer sold
4. DThe strongest FDA warning, about a serious or life-threatening risk

Which vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AMMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
2. BInjected inactivated influenza vaccine
3. CTetanus toxoid vaccine
4. DHepatitis B vaccine

Which information must be documented when a patient is restrained?

1. AOnly whether the family agreed to the restraint
2. BOnly the name of the nurse who applied it and the unit where it happened
3. COnly the time the restraint was put on and the time it was taken off
4. DThe reason, alternatives tried, type of restraint, times and regular assessments

利尿薬を使用している転倒リスクの高い患者が、夜間によく起き上がります。最も有効な対策はどれですか？

1. A昼食後は何も飲まないよう患者に伝える
2. B夜間に効くよう、利尿薬を就寝時に投与する
3. C眠れるように、夜間は部屋を真っ暗にしておく
4. D時間を決めた排泄誘導を行い、ナースコールと歩行補助具を手の届く所に置く

A patient has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). A family member presses the button while the patient sleeps. What should the nurse explain?

1. AFamily can press it as long as they count the presses
2. BThe pump will always stop any overdose
3. COnly the patient should press it, because this keeps the system safe
4. DPressing it while the patient sleeps prevents the pain from getting worse later

A patient after heart surgery has temporary epicardial pacing wires. Why do staff take special care with electrical safety?

1. APacing wires can only carry current coming from the pacemaker box itself
2. BSmall currents can travel along the wires straight to the heart and cause arrhythmias
3. CElectrical safety only matters for patients who have permanent implanted pacemakers
4. DThe wires make the patient immune to electric shock

A patient sitting in a chair starts to have a generalized seizure. What should the nurse do?

1. APut a padded tongue blade between the teeth to protect the tongue and airway
2. BHold the patient firmly in the chair until the seizure stops
3. CLeave to get the provider, then return
4. DEase the patient to the floor, protect the head and turn them on their side