解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Why is glucose normally absent from the urine?

1. AThe tubules reabsorb all filtered glucose at normal blood levels
2. BThe glomeruli do not filter glucose out of the blood at any level
3. CThe bladder lining breaks down any glucose that reaches the urine
4. DGlucose is changed into ketones before it reaches the urine

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease
2. BIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L)
3. CHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
4. DIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) means that the red cells are:

1. AShaped like a sickle
2. BLarger than normal (macrocytic)
3. CMore numerous than normal
4. DPaler than normal (hypochromic)

処方された塩化カリウムを静脈内投与する前に、最も重要なアセスメントはどれですか？

1. A尿量と腎機能
2. B前腕の皮膚ツルゴール
3. C両耳の聴力
4. D瞳孔の大きさと対光反射

A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?

1. ALifelong vitamin B₁₂ replacement
2. BLifelong oral folic acid tablets only
3. CMonthly transfusions of red blood cells
4. DWeekly doses of oral vitamin K tablets

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. ASevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
2. BHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
3. CThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
4. DThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis

患者のバンコマイシンのトラフが 28 mcg/mL で、処方者が設定した目標は 15–20 mcg/mL です。次の投与の時刻になりました。最もよい対応はどれですか？

1. A曝露を減らすために、より短い時間で投与する
2. B予定どおり投与し、1 週間後にトラフ値を再検査する
3. C治療を早く終えるために、2 倍量を投与する
4. D投与を保留し、処方者に知らせ、腎機能を確認する

Which patient's result should the nurse act on first?

1. AHemoglobin 9.6 g/dL (96 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
2. BHemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
3. CPlatelets 140 × 10³/µL in a patient with mild chronic liver disease
4. DFerritin 15 ng/mL in a well patient with known iron-deficiency anemia on oral iron