解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What does normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) look like?

1. APink and bloody
2. BCloudy and yellow
3. CThick and green
4. DClear and colorless

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
3. CThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
4. DHow many white cells are present in the sample

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. APlatelets that are larger than normal in size
2. BImmature white blood cells released during infection
3. CYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
4. DOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen

A patient with a low clinical probability of deep vein thrombosis has a normal (negative) D-dimer. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA pulmonary embolism is now certain to be present
2. BA DVT is unlikely and can usually be ruled out
3. CA DVT is confirmed and anticoagulation is needed
4. DThe test is useless and should always be ignored

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum calcium, which may rise too high
2. BSerum potassium, which may rise too high
3. CSerum glucose, which may rise very high
4. DSerum sodium, which may fall too low

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). What should the nurse do first?

1. AEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart
2. BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
3. CRemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath
4. DReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly

The nurse teaches a patient starting lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell my doctor if I have vomiting or diarrhea"
2. B"I will drink plenty of fluids, especially in hot weather"
3. C"I will check with the pharmacist before taking ibuprofen"
4. D"I will cut out salt from my diet completely to stay healthy"

A patient with heavy alcohol use and a poor diet has a hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dL (101 g/L), an MCV of 110 fL and a low red cell folate. Which explanation fits best?

1. AAnemia caused by long-standing chronic kidney disease
2. BIron deficiency from slow, chronic bleeding in the gut
3. CThalassemia trait inherited from one of the parents
4. DFolate deficiency, made worse by a direct alcohol effect