解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

1. A90 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. B15 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. C60 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. D120 mL/min/1.73 m²

What is a typical reference range for urine specific gravity in an adult?

1. AAbout 1.005–1.030
2. BAbout 0.900–0.990
3. CAbout 1.100–1.300
4. DAbout 1.040–1.060

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. AOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen
2. BPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
3. CYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
4. DImmature white blood cells released during infection

A patient with hyperkalemia is prescribed an oral potassium binder such as patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate. How does this drug lower potassium?

1. AIt moves potassium into cells in the next few minutes
2. BIt binds potassium in the gut so it leaves in the stool
3. CIt stops the kidneys from absorbing water in the tubules
4. DIt protects the heart muscle against high potassium levels

When several samples are drawn at the same venipuncture, which tubes or bottles are filled first?

1. AEDTA (complete blood count) tubes
2. BBlood culture bottles
3. CCoagulation (citrate) tubes
4. DFluoride (glucose) tubes

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT below the target range on the protocol. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the infusion and give protamine sulfate as quickly as possible
2. BAdjust the rate as the protocol directs and recheck as scheduled
3. CContinue the same rate and recheck the aPTT in a few days
4. DSwitch the infusion to oral warfarin without a prescription

A patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease had a CT scan with IV contrast. Two days later, the creatinine has risen from 1.4 to 2.0 mg/dL (124 to 177 µmol/L). Which action is most appropriate?

1. ARestrict all fluids to protect the kidneys from more contrast
2. BIgnore it, because contrast never affects kidney function
3. CGive extra metformin, because the glucose rises after contrast
4. DReport it, monitor urine output and hold metformin until reviewed

The nurse teaches a patient starting lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check with the pharmacist before taking ibuprofen"
2. B"I will cut out salt from my diet completely to stay healthy"
3. C"I will tell my doctor if I have vomiting or diarrhea"
4. D"I will drink plenty of fluids, especially in hot weather"