解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Which hemoglobin value in an adult man is within the typical reference range?

1. A9.0 g/dL (90 g/L)
2. B15.0 g/dL (150 g/L)
3. C5.5 g/dL (55 g/L)
4. D20.5 g/dL (205 g/L)

A patient has a hemoglobin of 19.5 g/dL (195 g/L) and a hematocrit of 58%. Which term describes this?

1. APolycythemia (erythrocytosis)
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CThrombocytopenia (low platelets)
4. DPancytopenia (all cells low)

成人の血小板数の典型的な基準範囲はどれですか？

1. A約 1000–2000 × 10³/µL（1000–2000 × 10⁹/L）
2. B約 4.5–11 × 10³/µL（4.5–11 × 10⁹/L）
3. C約 12–16 × 10³/µL（12–16 × 10⁹/L）
4. D約 150–400 × 10³/µL（150–400 × 10⁹/L）

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a magnesium of 3.8 mEq/L (1.9 mmol/L). Which product is the most likely cause?

1. ALoop diuretics such as furosemide
2. BExcess alcohol use over many years
3. CMagnesium-containing laxatives or antacids
4. DProton pump inhibitors taken long term

A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?

1. AUric acid
2. BSodium bicarbonate
3. CPhosphate
4. DMagnesium

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

1. AAny result outside the range always means disease is present
2. BRanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
3. CReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
4. DReference ranges include every healthy person without exception

A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?

1. AOral glucose-lowering tablets
2. BLarge-volume IV fluid replacement
3. CAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate
4. DStrict fluid restriction

糖尿病性ケトアシドーシスの患者の、インスリン点滴を開始する前のカリウムが 3.0 mEq/L です。看護師は何を予想すべきですか？

1. Aカリウムを先に補充し、インスリンは、プロトコルに従って濃度が安全になるまで待つ
2. Bカリウムが正常になるまで、輸液を止める
3. Cただちに、より高い速度でインスリンを開始する
4. Dインスリンがカリウムを上げるので、カリウムは補充しない