解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

息切れのある患者で、B 型ナトリウム利尿ペプチド（BNP）の上昇が最も強く支持する病態はどれですか？

1. A肺炎
2. B心不全
3. C喘息発作
4. Dパニック発作

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A60 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. B45 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. C15 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. D90 mL/min/1.73 m²

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, a fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L) is classed as:

1. APrediabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
2. BType 1 diabetes mellitus
3. CMild hypoglycemia (low glucose)
4. DNormal fasting glucose for an adult

A patient has had severe watery diarrhea for 4 days. Which laboratory pattern would the nurse expect?

1. ALow glucose and high magnesium
2. BHigh sodium and high calcium
3. CHigh potassium and high bicarbonate
4. DLow potassium and low bicarbonate

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂
2. BFolate (folic acid)
3. CVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
4. DIron (low ferritin)

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. AUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
2. BTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
3. CTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
4. DCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed

Four patients had a thyroidectomy earlier today. Which result should the nurse act on first?

1. AGlucose 145 mg/dL (8.0 mmol/L) after surgery
2. BHemoglobin 12.1 g/dL (121 g/L) after surgery
3. CSodium 136 mEq/L on IV fluids after surgery
4. DCalcium 7.2 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) with tingling lips

A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?

1. AA low oxygen saturation
2. BA high carboxyhemoglobin
3. CA low erythropoietin level
4. DA high erythropoietin level