解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What does the red cell distribution width (RDW) describe?

1. AHow long red cells survive in the blood
2. BHow fast the red cells settle in a tube
3. CHow much the red cells vary in size
4. DHow many red cells are young cells

Which group of symptoms is linked to hypercalcemia ("stones, bones, groans and moans")?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and confusion
2. BTetany, muscle cramps, tingling and seizures
3. CHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhea
4. DJaundice, itching, pale stools and dark urine

息切れのある患者で、B 型ナトリウム利尿ペプチド（BNP）の上昇が最も強く支持する病態はどれですか？

1. A肺炎
2. Bパニック発作
3. C心不全
4. D喘息発作

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. ASave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
2. BCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
4. DHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day

抗利尿ホルモン不適合分泌症候群（SIADH）の患者のナトリウムは 128 mEq/L です。看護師が予想する処方された対応はどれですか？

1. A減塩食
2. B水分制限
3. C5 % ブドウ糖の大量静脈内投与
4. D余分な水分摂取を勧める

How does normal pregnancy usually affect serum creatinine?

1. AIt rises with every week
2. BIt falls, because GFR rises
3. CIt rises, because GFR falls
4. DIt stays exactly the same

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AOral iron
2. BIV insulin
3. CIV thiamine
4. DIV potassium

A patient with long-term heavy alcohol use is admitted with alcohol withdrawal. Which group of electrolyte problems is most common?

1. AHigh sodium, high calcium and high glucose
2. BHigh magnesium, high phosphate and high potassium
3. CLow magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium
4. DLow chloride, high bicarbonate and high calcium