解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What is a main role of albumin in the blood?

1. AIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
2. BIt forms the mesh that holds a blood clot together
3. CIt holds fluid in the vessels by oncotic pressure
4. DIt fights bacteria by engulfing them in the blood

薬の「ピーク」値は何を測定するものですか？

1. A薬が中毒になる濃度
2. B投与後の最も高い血中濃度
3. C1 週間の平均濃度
4. D次回投与前の最も低い血中濃度

成人の血中尿素窒素（BUN）の典型的な基準範囲はどれですか？

1. A約 135–145 mg/dL（尿素 48–52 mmol/L）
2. B約 0.6–1.2 mg/dL（尿素 0.2–0.4 mmol/L）
3. C約 7–20 mg/dL（尿素 2.5–7.1 mmol/L）
4. D約 70–99 mg/dL（尿素 25–35 mmol/L）

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
2. BThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
3. CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
4. DThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes

心室性不整脈の患者のモニターに、ねじれるようなパターン（トルサード・ド・ポアント）が現れました。治療として静脈内投与されることが多い電解質はどれですか？

1. A炭酸カルシウム
2. B硫酸マグネシウム
3. Cリン酸カリウム
4. D炭酸水素ナトリウム

バンコマイシンのトラフ値が目標範囲を超えています。主な懸念となる有害作用はどれですか？

1. A腎障害（腎毒性）
2. B便秘と腹部膨満
3. C低血糖
4. D血小板数の増加（血小板増多症）

A patient has a positive hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV) test. What is the most appropriate next step?

1. AGive hepatitis C vaccine to prevent further infection
2. BTest for HCV RNA to find out whether infection is current
3. CRepeat the antibody test, as a positive test is always false
4. DTell the patient they definitely have chronic hepatitis C

After a crush injury, a patient's urine dipstick is strongly positive for blood, but microscopy shows almost no red cells. CK is very high. What best explains this?

1. AThe sample was contaminated with menstrual blood
2. BA kidney stone is scraping the ureter lining
3. CBleeding is coming from the bladder lining
4. DMyoglobin from damaged muscle is in the urine