解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Which fasting plasma glucose meets the usual diagnostic threshold for diabetes when confirmed on a second test?

1. A110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) or higher
2. B200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher
3. C100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher
4. D126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher

血清ナトリウムが 128 mEq/L の状態は何と呼ばれますか？

1. A低ナトリウム血症
2. B高カリウム血症
3. C低カリウム血症
4. D高ナトリウム血症

Why is glucose normally absent from the urine?

1. AThe bladder lining breaks down any glucose that reaches the urine
2. BThe glomeruli do not filter glucose out of the blood at any level
3. CThe tubules reabsorb all filtered glucose at normal blood levels
4. DGlucose is changed into ketones before it reaches the urine

For most hospitalized adults with diabetes who are critically ill, which glucose target range is commonly recommended?

1. AAbout 250–300 mg/dL (13.9–16.7 mmol/L)
2. BAbout 300–350 mg/dL (16.7–19.4 mmol/L)
3. CAbout 140–180 mg/dL (7.8–10 mmol/L)
4. DAbout 60–80 mg/dL (3.3–4.4 mmol/L)

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AFolate (folic acid)
2. BIron (low ferritin)
3. CVitamin B₁₂
4. DVitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

1. AUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit
2. BThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
3. CThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
4. DAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level

After lying on the floor for many hours, a patient has a CK of 40,000 U/L, a potassium of 6.1 mEq/L and dark urine. Which prescribed treatment is the priority?

1. AAn oral potassium supplement with each meal
2. BLarge-volume IV fluids with cardiac monitoring
3. CHigh-dose NSAIDs for the muscle pain
4. DFluid restriction to protect the heart from overload

A middle-aged man has fatigue, joint pain, a raised ALT and new diabetes. His ferritin is very high and his transferrin saturation is above 60%. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis A
2. BAnemia of chronic disease
3. CHereditary hemochromatosis
4. DIron-deficiency anemia