解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

The sweat chloride test is used to diagnose which condition?

1. ADiabetes mellitus
2. BCystic fibrosis
3. CSickle cell disease
4. DHypothyroidism

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. AGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas
2. BProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver
3. CFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs
4. DRed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin

A raised lymphocyte count is most typical of:

1. AIron deficiency
2. BViral infections
3. CBacterial abscesses
4. DAllergic asthma

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding
2. BThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function
3. CSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss
4. DDigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea

患者の白血球数が 16 × 10³/µL で、未熟な好中球（桿状核球）の割合が高いです。これは何を最も強く示唆しますか？

1. A鉄欠乏性貧血
2. B急性の細菌感染症
3. C慢性のウイルス性疾患のみ
4. D正常な結果

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe color shows severe liver failure is present
2. BThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks
3. CThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings
4. DThe color proves blood is present in the urine

糖尿病性ケトアシドーシスの患者の、インスリン点滴を開始する前のカリウムが 3.0 mEq/L です。看護師は何を予想すべきですか？

1. Aカリウムを先に補充し、インスリンは、プロトコルに従って濃度が安全になるまで待つ
2. Bただちに、より高い速度でインスリンを開始する
3. Cカリウムが正常になるまで、輸液を止める
4. Dインスリンがカリウムを上げるので、カリウムは補充しない

A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3.6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?

1. AEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain
2. BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow
3. CHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
4. DReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal