解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 22–28 mEq/L
2. BAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
3. CAbout 135–145 mEq/L
4. DAbout 98–106 mEq/L

What does the specificity of a diagnostic test describe?

1. AThe total number of people who take the test each year
2. BThe proportion of people with the disease who test positive
3. CThe proportion of people without the disease who test negative
4. DThe cost of the test compared with other tests

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe skin and hair
2. BThe nervous system
3. CThe skeleton
4. DThe eyes only

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium of 5.6 mEq/L. Which food should the nurse advise the patient to limit?

1. ACabbage
2. BApples
3. CBananas
4. DWhite rice

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
2. BRecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
3. CAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
4. DStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe color shows severe liver failure is present
2. BThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings
3. CThe color proves blood is present in the urine
4. DThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks

The nurse teaches a patient with chronic kidney disease about a potassium-restricted diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check food labels and ask my dietitian about portion sizes"
2. B"I can leach potatoes by soaking them before cooking them"
3. C"Dried apricots and raisins will be a good snack for me now"
4. D"I'll limit bananas, oranges and potatoes in my meals"

An older adult with type 2 diabetes is drowsy and very dehydrated. Glucose 920 mg/dL (51 mmol/L), serum osmolality 350 mOsm/kg, pH 7.36, urine ketones negative or trace. Which condition fits best?

1. ASyndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
2. BDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
4. DMetformin-related lactic acidosis