解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What does the term "leukopenia" mean?

1. AA low red blood cell count
2. BA high platelet count
3. CA high white blood cell count
4. DA low white blood cell count

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
2. BAbout 135–145 mEq/L
3. CAbout 98–106 mEq/L
4. DAbout 22–28 mEq/L

Which drug commonly causes a low serum potassium?

1. ALisinopril
2. BAmiloride
3. CFurosemide
4. DSpironolactone

患者の血小板数が 18 × 10³/µL です。適切な看護はどれですか？

1. A1 日 2 回のデンタルフロスと、鋭利なカミソリの刃での髭剃りを勧める
2. B柔らかい歯ブラシ、電気カミソリ、筋肉内注射をしない
3. C頭痛のときに、処方されたアスピリンを投与する
4. D正確さのために、4 時間ごとに直腸で体温を測定する

On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12.5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells
2. BA common stress response to surgery that is monitored
3. CA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing
4. DDefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues
2. BFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
3. CFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
4. DFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis
3. CSickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion
4. DIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet

Two weeks after a sore throat, a child develops dark (cola-colored) urine, puffy eyes and high blood pressure. Urinalysis shows red cell casts and protein. Which condition is most likely?

1. AKidney stone in the ureter
2. BLower urinary tract infection (cystitis)
3. CPost-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
4. DPrerenal acute kidney injury