解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

心房細動でワルファリンを服用している患者の、通常のINR目標範囲はどれですか？

1. A1.0～1.5
2. B0.5～1.0
3. C2.0～3.0
4. D4.0～5.0

高血圧がしばしば「サイレントキラー」と呼ばれるのはなぜですか？

1. A症状がないまま臓器を傷めることが多いから
2. B患者が無視するようになる頭痛を必ず起こすから
3. C血液検査でしか見つけられないから
4. D主に夜間の睡眠中に起こるから

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt divides the trachea into two bronchi
2. BIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
3. CIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
4. DIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
2. BThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
3. CA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance
4. DThe patch works only during the night

A patient with bronchiectasis of the right lower lobe is taught postural drainage. How should they be positioned?

1. ASitting fully upright at all times
2. BWith the affected lobe lowest so it fills with mucus
3. CWith the affected lobe uppermost so gravity drains it
4. DFlat on the back with the arms raised

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AConstipation from bed rest
2. BBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
3. CA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
4. DA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes

大腿動脈経由のPCIの4時間後、鼠径部のドレッシングが血液でぐっしょり濡れ、硬い腫れが大きくなっています。直ちに行うべきことは何ですか？

1. Aドレッシングを外し、創部を空気にさらしておく
2. B穿刺部位のすぐ上を強く圧迫し、応援を呼ぶ
3. C患者を起こして、排尿のためにトイレまで歩かせる
4. D部位に血栓ができないよう、ヘパリンの注入速度を上げる

A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADeep vein thrombosis
2. BAortic stenosis
3. CCor pulmonale
4. DLeft ventricular failure