解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

抗凝固薬を服用している患者に、どの助言をすべきですか？

1. A今後、緑の野菜はすべて避ける
2. Bどんな痛みでも、パラセタモールではなくイブプロフェンを飲む
3. C小さなあざができたら服用を1回飛ばす
4. Dやわらかい歯ブラシを使い、普段と違う出血は報告する

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

1. AIt lowers surface tension so the alveoli stay open
2. BIt kills bacteria that reach the alveoli from the air
3. CIt carries oxygen across the membrane into the blood
4. DIt moves mucus up towards the throat

What defines type 2 respiratory failure?

1. AHigh PaO₂ with a high bicarbonate
2. BLow PaO₂ with a normal or low PaCO₂
3. CLow PaO₂ with a raised PaCO₂
4. DNormal PaO₂ with a low PaCO₂

Dダイマーが上昇していることは何を意味しますか？

1. Aフィブリンの分解があるが、血栓があることの証明にはならない
2. B抗凝固薬の用量が少なすぎるため、増やす必要がある
3. C深部静脈血栓症が安全に除外された
4. D肺塞栓症またはDVTが確定した

A patient with a regular narrow-complex tachycardia of 180/min is alert with a normal blood pressure. What is usually tried first?

1. AChest compressions until the rate slows
2. BA large oral dose of digoxin
3. CVagal manoeuvres such as a modified Valsalva
4. DAn immediate unsynchronised shock with the defibrillator

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AWait until the next routine observations in four hours
2. BStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
3. CReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds
4. DStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better

A patient with severe asthma develops a stable narrow-complex tachycardia, and IV adenosine is prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive it orally instead of intravenously
2. BGive it as a slow infusion over an hour to reduce side effects
3. CQuestion the prescription, as adenosine can cause bronchospasm
4. DGive it as prescribed, as adenosine is safe in every patient

A patient declines enoxaparin for VTE prevention because it is made from pork, which conflicts with their beliefs. What is the best response?

1. ADocument the refusal in the notes and take no further action at all
2. BGive the injection anyway without explaining what the medicine is made from
3. CRespect the decision, inform the prescriber and discuss non-animal options
4. DTell the patient that refusal means they cannot have surgery