解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. AOccasional hiccups
2. BMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
3. CItching of the eyes
4. DPersistent hoarseness of the voice

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae?

1. AThe left ventricle
2. BThe left atrium
3. CThe right ventricle
4. DThe right atrium

What is Kussmaul breathing?

1. ADeep, rapid breathing in response to metabolic acidosis
2. BNoisy breathing caused by a blocked upper airway
3. CVery slow, shallow breathing from opioids
4. DBreathing that alternates between deep breaths and pauses

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening
2. BTake the average of ten blows after exercise
3. CBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
4. DTake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day

Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?

1. AHeart failure with raised venous pressure
2. BPneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
3. CNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
4. DLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin

患者の心房細動は48時間を超えて続いており、待機的カルディオバージョンの予定です。事前に抗凝固療法が必要なのはなぜですか？

1. A抗凝固薬が電気ショックの痛みを和らげるから
2. B抗凝固薬が心房細動を洞調律に戻すから
3. C抗凝固薬が電気ショックに必要なエネルギーを減らすから
4. D洞調律に戻るときに、心房内の血栓が飛ぶことがあるから

A patient regains a pulse after a ventricular fibrillation arrest that was probably caused by a heart attack. Which investigation is most urgent?

1. AAn abdominal ultrasound
2. BSpirometry
3. CA lumbar puncture
4. DA 12-lead ECG

朝のジゴキシン投与の前に、患者の心尖拍動が54/分で、吐き気があります。看護師はどうすべきですか？

1. A橈骨動脈の脈拍だけが数えられるので、投与する
2. B半量を投与し、1時間後に脈拍を再確認する
3. C投与して制吐薬も与え、明日脈拍を再確認する
4. D投与を保留して報告する（中毒の可能性があるため）