解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which sign often appears earliest in hypovolaemic shock in an adult?

1. AA rising heart rate
2. BFixed, dilated pupils
3. CA systolic pressure below 70 mmHg
4. DA slow, bounding pulse

Which electrolyte do ACE inhibitors commonly raise?

1. ACalcium
2. BPotassium
3. CMagnesium
4. DSodium

Drug names ending in "-olol", such as bisoprolol and atenolol, belong to which class?

1. AACE inhibitors
2. BBeta-blockers
3. CLoop diuretics
4. DCalcium channel blockers

Which exercise advice is recommended for intermittent claudication?

1. AStopping walking at the very first twinge of pain each time
2. BComplete bed rest until the leg pain has gone for at least a month
3. CWalking only on days when the legs feel warm and painless
4. DSupervised walking until pain is near maximal, then rest and repeat

インダパミドなど、チアジド系またはチアジド類似の利尿薬に典型的な副作用の組み合わせはどれですか？

1. Aナトリウムとマグネシウムの上昇、血糖の低下
2. Bカリウムとナトリウムの低下、尿酸の上昇、血糖の上昇
3. C乾性咳嗽、味覚障害、唇の腫れ
4. Dカリウムとナトリウムの上昇、尿酸の低下、血糖の低下

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. ANormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
2. BNormal, because the target is 0.1 mL/kg/h
3. CHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
4. DBelow 0.5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion

A conscious adult in the dining room is suddenly unable to speak, cough or breathe after a mouthful of food. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASweep blindly in the mouth with a finger
2. BEncourage them to drink a glass of water to wash the food down
3. CUp to five back blows, then up to five abdominal thrusts if needed
4. DLie them down on the floor and start chest compressions immediately

喘息の患者のピークフローが自己最良値の40%、呼吸数が28/分で、文章を最後まで話せません。SpO₂は94%です。この発作はどう分類されますか？

1. A致死に近い喘息
2. B生命を脅かす喘息
3. C中等度の喘息増悪
4. D急性重症喘息