解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which type of leg ulcer is most common?

1. AUlcers from spider bites
2. BArterial ulcers
3. CVenous ulcers
4. DMalignant ulcers

末梢動脈疾患に典型的な症状はどれですか？

1. A1日のうちに悪化し、夜の間に軽くなる足首の腫れ
2. B足首のまわりのかゆみのある茶色の皮膚
3. C歩くとふくらはぎがつり、休むと治まる
4. D片側の温かく赤く腫れたふくらはぎ

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

1. AThe sac that surrounds the heart
2. BThe inner lining of the heart chambers
3. CThe heart muscle itself
4. DThe coronary arteries

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BDelta waves before the QRS
3. CProminent U waves
4. DA sawtooth baseline

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

1. AA sharply defined red patch with fever
2. BPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses
3. CBrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
4. DA cold, white foot with no pulse

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself
2. BBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
3. CA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes
4. DConstipation from bed rest

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate
2. BThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
3. CThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
4. DToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. AReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
3. CRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
4. DDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment